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On August 12, 30 B.C.,

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the last reigning ruler of Egypt,

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Cleopatra VII,

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committed suicide by snake bite.

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To this day, her tomb has never been found.

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Wow.

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There is no more powerful, nor controversial woman

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in history than Cleopatra.

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The stunning and mercurial leader of the Egyptian empire.

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For 2,000 years, her reputation of striking beauty,

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murderous ambition, and libertine lust

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has defined the reputation,

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her reputation as the last Pharaoh of ancient Egypt.

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But is this the real story?

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How much do we actually know about the real Cleopatra?

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What new clues are being discovered today?

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Now we send this to the lab.

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You're rewriting history.

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With cutting edge technology...

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There is a whole world beneath.

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It's incredible.

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...just how close are we to discovering Cleopatra's tomb?

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So something is beneath here and you are refusing

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to give up until you find it.

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It's a matter of time.

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From the catacombs of ancient Alexandria...

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Down to find Cleopatra's tomb.

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...to ancient ruins on the ocean floor.

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Wow.

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Who was Cleopatra?

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Here is a woman ruling at a time

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when it was all about men.

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And where is her final resting place?

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It's a quest to discover her tomb.

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And reveal the true legacy of Egypt's most enigmatic queen.

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It's incredible to think that Cleopatra's tomb could be

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somewhere right beneath my feet.

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Wow!

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I'm Don Wildman.

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I've explored the world's greatest mysteries,

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examined rare artifacts and epic monuments.

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That is unbelievable.

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Now I'm digging deeper into some of the most perplexing

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and famous cases in history.

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My goal? To get closer to the truth.

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-Let's burn this place down. -Let's burn it down.

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On this special episode of

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"Mysteries at the Museum: Cleopatra."

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After more than 2,000 years,

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Cleopatra endures as one of the most fascinating

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and iconic female leaders in history.

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A Pharaoh queen, she ruled over one of the greatest kingdoms

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of the ancient world -- Egypt.

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Fearlessly taking on the Roman empire,

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she seduced both Julius Caesar and Mark Antony,

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two of the most powerful men in Western history.

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The name Cleopatra evokes a lasting image of a sexy

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and ambitious woman.

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A temptress who would stop at nothing to get

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what she wanted.

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From Shakespeare to Hollywood,

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Cleopatra is ingrained in our cultural consciousness

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as history's most famous femme fatale.

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But how accurate is all of this history?

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Many of the details of Cleopatra's life

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are either unknown or clouded by myth.

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So how do we begin to separate the notorious reputation

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from the woman who ruled as Egypt's last Pharaoh?

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Many believe the missing pieces could be revealed

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with the discovery of her tomb.

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After more than 2,000 years, it has yet to be found.

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So can we uncover her final resting place

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and fill in the missing pieces once and for all?

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To find out, I first need to separate fact from fiction

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and learn about the true details of her life.

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And to begin this journey, we need to travel back

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to 69 B.C.,

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the year Cleopatra was born.

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Although she was born in Egypt

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and was Egypt's most famous queen,

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she was not, in fact, Egyptian.

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She was Greek.

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So how did Egypt end up with a Greek queen?

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After Alexander the Great, the Greek king,

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conquered Egypt in 320 B.C.E.,

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he gifted the empire to his star general,

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Ptolemy I, who took the roll of Pharaoh,

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an Egyptian royal ruler.

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For the next 250 years, the Egyptian empire had

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Greek Pharaohs in power.

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In the year 69 B.C., Cleopatra was born

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into this royal family, also known as the Ptolemy line.

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So what was life really like for the Greek queen of Egypt?

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I've come to her birthplace, the city of Alexandria.

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Named after Alexander the Great,

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it's a port city on the Mediterranean Sea

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in northern Egypt.

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2,000 years ago, when Cleopatra was born,

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it was the largest port in the world and the capital

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of ancient Egypt.

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Still one of the most important civilizations of its time.

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In terms of population, knowledge, and culture,

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Alexandria even surpassed Rome in importance.

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Walking around this sprawling metropolis,

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it's immediately evident we're not in

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Cleopatra's Alexandria anymore.

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I mean, there's no sign of that.

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There's no sign of the dazzling palatial architecture

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that made this place the crowned jewel

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of the Mediterranean.

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It's gone.

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But with any ancient city, you have to find a portal

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into the past, a way to look back in time.

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And here in Alexandria, you start underground

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to see the hidden layers that fill in the backdrop

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of the story of Egypt's most famous queen.

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Hello, Colin, how are you doing?

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Hi, Don, welcome to Alexandria.

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-How's it going? -Thank you very much.

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Colin Clement is an historian and guide

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who knows where to find the layers of

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Alexandria's ancient past

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that tell the true story of Cleopatra.

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Layers that may help lead us closer to her tomb.

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There is no place that shows the city's blend

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of both Greek and Egyptian culture better than here,

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the catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa,

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considered one of the seven wonders

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of the Middle Ages.

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Wow, what is this place?

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Colin tells me the story of Cleopatra's Egypt can be found

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in these catacombs.

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Now this is the main tomb of this particular complex.

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Wow, it is spectacular.

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So I am seeing a lot of different elements, aren't I?

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Oh, absolutely. This is expressing Alexandria.

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Very much Alexandria about the time of Cleopatra.

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It's the sort of cultural milieu that she was born into,

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which was layered. -Okay.

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Because here, if we look, the entrance to this tomb,

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it's purely Egyptian in form.

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We have the cobra with the wings deployed. Mm-hmm.

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And then columns, the Papyriform columns,

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it's all speaks of Egypt.

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But if you take two steps in into the antechamber,

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you see suddenly we come back to Greece. Hmm.

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That medallion, that shield, is the head of Medusa. Wow.

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Who was the great, you know, protective emblem of tombs

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in the Greek world.

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-But then look at its head. -There's a crown.

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And that's the crown of upper and lower Egypt. Oh, fascinating.

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So we have Greek imagery,

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but with an Egyptian stamp on it.

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So we got these two things sitting next together,

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being shared in this one tomb complex.

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So this is a perfect cross-section of

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what was happening at the time of Cleopatra.

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-Greek and Egyptian. -Absolutely.

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We know Cleopatra was the first of that dynasty

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to learn the local language, to speak Egyptian. Huh.

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By speaking the native tongue,

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Cleopatra had the support of the Egyptian people

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and she furthered this loyalty by exploiting the belief

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that all Pharaohs have a direct connection to the Gods.

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Cleopatra aligned herself with the most popular

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Egyptian goddess, Isis.

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So once she assumes power, what's her motivation here?

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What does she want to become?

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She wants to try to reestablish a certain

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independence for Egypt.

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Try to fend off the outside threat which is ultimately Rome.

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But outside threats like Rome weren't

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Cleopatra's only problem.

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It turns out Cleopatra wasn't even the lone ruler of Egypt.

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She shared the throne with her younger brother,

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to whom she was married.

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So Cleopatra, 18 years old, assumes power with her brother.

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She's a co-regent, yeah?

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Right, yes, indeed.

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Which is not completely abnormal. Yeah.

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There's a history within Egypt of brother/sister marriage

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for the rulers. -Mm-hmm.

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But in this instance, there was --

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there seemed to be some an imbalance, why?

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Because she's the older of the sibling.

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Okay, but she's been groomed for this. Clearly.

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I mean, she'd been groomed into, the, you know,

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the political machinations of the whole dynasty.

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She is 300 years a distillation of Ptolemaic rule,

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a great education.

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I mean, she's been brought up in a court.

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So she has to navigate a classic sibling rivalry

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but also the factions within a court? Absolutely.

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Eventually, she gets pushed out.

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The backers, whoever they were behind her younger brother,

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expel her from the capital.

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So Cleopatra is forced out of power and into exile.

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Where does she go?

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She goes to Sinai Peninsula, which is Egyptian territory. Mm-hmm.

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So exile, yes.

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Mm, she's not been kicked out of the country.

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She's not been murdered.

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She's been pushed away from the center of power. Hmm.

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And her brother takes over.

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And what happens there?

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Well, we don't really know.

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She's in some three years or so she's away from Alexandria.

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She's away from the wheels of power.

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But it's not so much what happened there,

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it's what happens outside of Egypt.

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What's happening just across the water in the Roman world

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that's gonna give her the opportunity to come back.

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Because Rome is rising.

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Oh, Rome has risen and it's just waiting to come in.

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-And take over Egypt. -Indeed.

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Although Rome, who's power reached as far as Persia,

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had always been perceived as a threat

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to Egypt's independence, it would turn out to be the key

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to Cleopatra's escape from exile

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and to regaining her throne.

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At this point in Rome, there's civil war, right?

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There's civil war, indeed, yes.

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I mean, there's a major clash between the two great generals

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of the period -- Julius Caesar and Pompey. Yeah.

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Pompey and Caesar were both triumphant

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military men fighting for control of the Roman Republic.

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So a civil war between Julius Caesar

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and Pompey results in what? -Mm-hmm.

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Well, there's a massive battle in what is now

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central Greece at Farsala.

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-Pompey is defeated -- -Yeah.

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...and he flees down south

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across the Mediterranean to Alexandria.

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What happens to Pompey here?

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Well, the Egyptians see him coming.

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They know that he has been defeated by Caesar,

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so they presumed Caesar is in pursuit. Yeah.

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So almost before Pompey can get off the boat,

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they assassinate him.

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In tribute to Caesar?

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Yes, they can see that Pompey is perhaps yesterday's man.

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Caesar is today's man.

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And they wanna be on side with the rising power.

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Days after Pompey's murder,

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dressed in the imperial red,

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Julius Caesar arrived in Alexandria.

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The local Egyptian soldiers,

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as commanded by Cleopatra's brother,

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presented him with the head of Pompey,

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his defeated rival.

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Caesar was not happy to find that someone

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of Pompey's grandeur had been just slaughtered like that. Okay.

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Now, for Cleopatra, who's been out of favor

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and out of power, she sees that her sibling has made

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a false move.

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This is the beginning of Cleopatra's return from exile.

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-Her comeback, yes. -Yeah.

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Julius Caesar decided to stay in Alexandria.

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His army eventually killing Cleopatra's brother.

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With her brother now dead, Cleopatra saw an opportunity

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00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:17,300
to regain her throne.

263
00:12:17,300 --> 00:12:20,000
So, she devised a master plan.

264
00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:21,530
But would it work?

265
00:12:21,540 --> 00:12:22,800
This is the crypt.

266
00:12:22,800 --> 00:12:24,740
This is where they would hide all their treasure.

267
00:12:24,740 --> 00:12:26,870
What's the truth behind the events

268
00:12:26,880 --> 00:12:28,540
that led to her suicide?

269
00:12:28,540 --> 00:12:30,480
That's Caesarion. That's her son.

270
00:12:30,480 --> 00:12:32,080
That's her secret weapon.

271
00:12:32,080 --> 00:12:36,550
Can we find the real answers hidden in her tomb?

272
00:12:36,550 --> 00:12:37,980
Wow!

273
00:12:43,660 --> 00:12:47,460
I'm on a quest to discover Cleopatra's tomb

274
00:12:47,460 --> 00:12:48,930
and reveal, once and for all,

275
00:12:48,930 --> 00:12:52,670
the true legacy of Egypt's last pharaoh.

276
00:12:52,670 --> 00:12:54,170
But until we make that discovery,

277
00:12:54,170 --> 00:12:55,940
we're left to fill in the pieces of

278
00:12:55,940 --> 00:12:57,940
this complicated puzzle.

279
00:12:57,940 --> 00:13:01,340
What we know is that Cleopatra was forced into exile

280
00:13:01,340 --> 00:13:02,780
by her brother.

281
00:13:02,780 --> 00:13:04,610
She then waited patiently for her opportunity

282
00:13:04,610 --> 00:13:06,150
to regain the throne.

283
00:13:06,150 --> 00:13:09,280
And when Julius Caesar arrived in Alexandria,

284
00:13:09,280 --> 00:13:14,220
she prepared to make her move and devised a master plan.

285
00:13:14,220 --> 00:13:17,520
It's the stuff of legend.

286
00:13:17,530 --> 00:13:19,360
Here's how the story goes.

287
00:13:19,360 --> 00:13:23,360
Now, under the cloak of darkness, Cleopatra approaches,

288
00:13:23,370 --> 00:13:25,430
right here in these waters, Alexandria Harbor,

289
00:13:25,430 --> 00:13:27,430
in the company of her most trusted advisor

290
00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:31,170
in a tiny little wooden boat in complete secrecy.

291
00:13:31,170 --> 00:13:33,770
She has that advisor

292
00:13:33,780 --> 00:13:35,980
wrap her in a carpet

293
00:13:35,980 --> 00:13:38,710
and hoisted onto his shoulder and he walks right

294
00:13:38,710 --> 00:13:40,480
to Caesar's quarters.

295
00:13:40,480 --> 00:13:44,120
He is then presenting this carpet as a gift to Caesar.

296
00:13:44,120 --> 00:13:46,850
And he unrolls the carpet in the quarters,

297
00:13:46,860 --> 00:13:50,520
and who should roll out with it but Cleopatra.

298
00:13:50,530 --> 00:13:53,060
Now at this point, Caesar is the most powerful man

299
00:13:53,060 --> 00:13:54,230
in the world looking down

300
00:13:54,230 --> 00:13:57,730
at a 21-year-old stunning young queen.

301
00:13:57,730 --> 00:14:01,630
And the history of the world is changed forever.

302
00:14:01,640 --> 00:14:04,940
Cleopatra's plan had been executed to perfection.

303
00:14:04,940 --> 00:14:09,680
She was the queen of Egypt once again.

304
00:14:09,680 --> 00:14:11,810
She and Caesar embarked on a very public

305
00:14:11,810 --> 00:14:14,010
and flagrant relationship.

306
00:14:14,020 --> 00:14:17,420
Together, they took a four-month trip on the Nile

307
00:14:17,420 --> 00:14:20,820
where Cleopatra introduced Caesar to the great pyramids.

308
00:14:20,820 --> 00:14:23,520
The couple were adored wherever they went.

309
00:14:23,520 --> 00:14:26,490
But if their fiery romance could bind them politically

310
00:14:26,490 --> 00:14:29,360
as well, then Cleopatra could accomplish more

311
00:14:29,360 --> 00:14:32,100
than just returning Egypt to its former glory.

312
00:14:32,100 --> 00:14:35,900
She would be the most powerful woman in the world.

313
00:14:35,900 --> 00:14:38,840
And that's exactly what happened when she became pregnant

314
00:14:38,840 --> 00:14:41,240
with Caesar's child.

315
00:14:41,240 --> 00:14:44,780
In 46 B.C., Cleopatra gave birth to a boy

316
00:14:44,780 --> 00:14:49,180
and called him Caesarion, also known as Little Caesar.

317
00:14:53,190 --> 00:14:56,260
With her ties to Caesar cemented by blood,

318
00:14:56,260 --> 00:14:59,330
Cleopatra and her new family split their time

319
00:14:59,330 --> 00:15:01,660
between Alexandria and Rome.

320
00:15:01,660 --> 00:15:04,800
The legendary seductress had rendered the Roman Empire

321
00:15:04,800 --> 00:15:06,830
a powerless threat to Egypt.

322
00:15:06,830 --> 00:15:11,400
But this newfound security wouldn't last.

323
00:15:11,410 --> 00:15:13,810
Caesar had grown into a dictator.

324
00:15:13,810 --> 00:15:16,410
Fearing the emperor's unchecked power,

325
00:15:16,410 --> 00:15:21,350
the Roman senate staged a coupe, and on March 15, 44 B.C.,

326
00:15:21,350 --> 00:15:25,220
Caesar was assassinated in Rome by his own government.

327
00:15:25,220 --> 00:15:28,660
So who would lead Caesar's empire and what would that mean

328
00:15:28,660 --> 00:15:32,390
for the fate of Cleopatra and her son Caesarion?

329
00:15:32,390 --> 00:15:34,360
Being a Pharaoh meant that Cleopatra had

330
00:15:34,360 --> 00:15:36,630
a direct connection to the gods.

331
00:15:36,630 --> 00:15:38,560
She was a living goddess.

332
00:15:38,570 --> 00:15:40,230
She considered herself to be the incarnation

333
00:15:40,240 --> 00:15:43,570
of the most popular Egyptian goddess, Isis.

334
00:15:43,570 --> 00:15:46,840
Performing religious rituals, building new temples,

335
00:15:46,840 --> 00:15:50,110
embellishing old ones, she took special care

336
00:15:50,110 --> 00:15:53,450
to maintain the loyalty and good will of the people.

337
00:15:55,180 --> 00:15:58,720
I've traveled to the Temple of Hathor in Dendera,

338
00:15:58,720 --> 00:16:01,850
one of the best preserved temple complexes in Egypt.

339
00:16:01,860 --> 00:16:03,520
Wow.

340
00:16:03,530 --> 00:16:06,260
Oh, my goodness, look at this.

341
00:16:06,260 --> 00:16:10,560
And one of Cleopatra's most exquisite accomplishments.

342
00:16:10,570 --> 00:16:12,130
Man.

343
00:16:12,130 --> 00:16:15,000
The present Temple of Hathor was largely built

344
00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:19,340
by Cleopatra and her father, and the wealth it held could be

345
00:16:19,340 --> 00:16:21,740
the key to Cleopatra's survival,

346
00:16:21,740 --> 00:16:24,280
even after Caesar's assassination.

347
00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:27,910
-Dr. Ikram, how are you? -Hey, Don. Nice to see you.

348
00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:31,750
Glad you made it. I know. Amazing, isn't it? Breathtaking interior.

349
00:16:31,750 --> 00:16:34,790
Famed Egyptologist Dr. Selima Ikram,

350
00:16:34,790 --> 00:16:35,960
is a professor at

351
00:16:35,960 --> 00:16:39,060
the American University in Cairo.

352
00:16:39,060 --> 00:16:41,360
This was built by?

353
00:16:41,360 --> 00:16:44,060
It was Cleopatra's father who started it. Okay.

354
00:16:44,060 --> 00:16:47,230
But then he died and so Cleopatra finished it off

355
00:16:47,240 --> 00:16:50,800
and she's also responsible for all the splendid decoration.

356
00:16:50,810 --> 00:16:54,440
By building the temple, decorating it, she was showing

357
00:16:54,440 --> 00:16:56,580
the people that she cared.

358
00:16:56,580 --> 00:16:58,740
Without Caesar's protection,

359
00:16:58,750 --> 00:17:01,710
how will Cleopatra protect her empire?

360
00:17:05,890 --> 00:17:07,650
-Caesar is dead. -Yeah.

361
00:17:07,660 --> 00:17:10,590
This has huge implications, obviously, for Egypt, right?

362
00:17:10,590 --> 00:17:13,590
Yeah, it's a complete disaster because without him,

363
00:17:13,590 --> 00:17:16,000
she is open to being preyed upon by Rome.

364
00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:17,460
Right, exactly.

365
00:17:17,470 --> 00:17:19,330
When Caesar dies, there's a huge power vacuum,

366
00:17:19,330 --> 00:17:22,070
and it's going to be filled by two people.

367
00:17:22,070 --> 00:17:24,540
One, Octavian.

368
00:17:24,540 --> 00:17:27,470
And the other, Mark Antony.

369
00:17:27,480 --> 00:17:29,810
But they're really different people who are supposed

370
00:17:29,810 --> 00:17:32,650
to be ruling Rome together, and neither one of them

371
00:17:32,650 --> 00:17:34,210
really wants to share.

372
00:17:34,220 --> 00:17:36,220
And where does Cleopatra fit into this?

373
00:17:36,220 --> 00:17:38,750
Ah, she has to come up with another strategy.

374
00:17:38,750 --> 00:17:40,750
Just pull this up.

375
00:17:40,760 --> 00:17:41,950
Oh, okay.

376
00:17:41,960 --> 00:17:44,820
And...there we go.

377
00:17:44,830 --> 00:17:46,890
-Like so, huh? -Mm-hmm.

378
00:17:46,890 --> 00:17:47,960
That's great.

379
00:17:47,960 --> 00:17:49,930
-Down you go. -Okay.

380
00:17:53,370 --> 00:17:54,900
Oh, this is great.

381
00:17:54,900 --> 00:17:56,270
This is the crypt.

382
00:17:56,270 --> 00:17:59,370
It's one of the great secrets of Dendera. Oh, I see.

383
00:17:59,370 --> 00:18:02,040
This is where they would hide all their treasure. Oh, okay.

384
00:18:07,380 --> 00:18:11,180
With Caesar dead, Cleopatra makes elaborate preparations

385
00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:15,020
and she sails off to Tarsus, which is in Asia Minor Turkey,

386
00:18:15,020 --> 00:18:19,290
and set her sights on Mark Antony.

387
00:18:19,290 --> 00:18:21,930
And of course, at this point, he's been doing battle

388
00:18:21,930 --> 00:18:23,460
and not doing too well. -Mm-hmm.

389
00:18:23,460 --> 00:18:26,330
So he needs money. Gold, wealth.

390
00:18:26,330 --> 00:18:28,070
And Cleopatra has all of that.

391
00:18:28,070 --> 00:18:31,140
And she sails up the river in this barge

392
00:18:31,140 --> 00:18:32,540
that she's prepared.

393
00:18:32,540 --> 00:18:36,340
Huge boat, gilded oars, people dressed very elaborately,

394
00:18:36,340 --> 00:18:39,250
little boys dressed as cupid, and she comes

395
00:18:39,250 --> 00:18:41,610
in Diaphanous clothing, clad as a goddess.

396
00:18:41,620 --> 00:18:44,350
She's Isis.

397
00:18:44,350 --> 00:18:47,150
And here, for example, you see this broad collar,

398
00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:50,660
which was originally gold and incredibly heavy. Okay.

399
00:18:50,660 --> 00:18:52,290
-She would've been wearing it. -Yeah.

400
00:18:52,290 --> 00:18:54,030
So this is something that Mark Antony would've seen

401
00:18:54,030 --> 00:18:56,100
as very real value.

402
00:18:56,100 --> 00:18:58,360
And so, this is how it all starts.

403
00:18:58,370 --> 00:18:59,630
-This is high-stakes stuff. -Absolutely.

404
00:18:59,630 --> 00:19:02,940
This is her whole life she's putting into this.

405
00:19:02,940 --> 00:19:04,240
Not just her life.

406
00:19:04,240 --> 00:19:06,140
Much more important, it's her empire.

407
00:19:09,210 --> 00:19:10,980
What started out as a political move

408
00:19:10,980 --> 00:19:14,980
by Cleopatra quickly turned into a heated relationship

409
00:19:14,980 --> 00:19:19,790
and Mark Antony decided to go back to Egypt with her.

410
00:19:19,790 --> 00:19:21,450
-Passion did take over. -Okay.

411
00:19:21,460 --> 00:19:22,860
Foolishly.

412
00:19:22,860 --> 00:19:24,390
For the second time,

413
00:19:24,390 --> 00:19:26,730
Cleopatra had successfully seduced

414
00:19:26,730 --> 00:19:29,500
the leader of Rome.

415
00:19:29,500 --> 00:19:31,730
They really are wonderfully well suited,

416
00:19:31,730 --> 00:19:33,270
having a great time.

417
00:19:33,270 --> 00:19:36,470
Except the longer Mark Antony stays with Cleopatra,

418
00:19:36,470 --> 00:19:38,740
the more complicated things become in Rome.

419
00:19:38,740 --> 00:19:40,140
In what way?

420
00:19:40,140 --> 00:19:42,410
Well, he's losing his popularity because he's hanging out

421
00:19:42,410 --> 00:19:43,810
with this Eastern woman.

422
00:19:43,810 --> 00:19:47,350
So he decides that he is going to strategically go back

423
00:19:47,350 --> 00:19:51,880
to Rome and marry his coregent Octavian's sister. Oh, okay.

424
00:19:51,890 --> 00:19:53,490
Octavia.

425
00:19:53,490 --> 00:19:55,820
A classic political maneuver among royalty. Absolutely.

426
00:19:55,820 --> 00:19:57,920
And so he goes back, does this.

427
00:19:57,930 --> 00:20:00,790
Octavia is this wonderful, perfect sort of person,

428
00:20:00,800 --> 00:20:02,700
and so the Romans feel very happy again.

429
00:20:02,700 --> 00:20:05,100
And of course, Cleopatra is not quite so happy. Right.

430
00:20:05,100 --> 00:20:08,730
But she does understand that this is a political ploy.

431
00:20:08,740 --> 00:20:12,370
Despite his marriage to his rival Octavian's sister,

432
00:20:12,370 --> 00:20:15,910
Antony continued his love affair with Cleopatra

433
00:20:15,910 --> 00:20:17,510
and he married her, too.

434
00:20:17,510 --> 00:20:20,110
They had three children together.

435
00:20:20,110 --> 00:20:23,520
This put further strain on Antony's relations with Rome.

436
00:20:23,520 --> 00:20:27,250
And fearing Octavian might order Mark Antony killed

437
00:20:27,250 --> 00:20:28,590
for marrying her.

438
00:20:28,590 --> 00:20:30,190
That's incredible.

439
00:20:30,190 --> 00:20:32,260
Cleopatra devised a backup plan.

440
00:20:32,260 --> 00:20:35,060
So this entire picture is leading up to the star

441
00:20:35,060 --> 00:20:37,730
of the show, Cleopatra right there. Yeah.

442
00:20:37,730 --> 00:20:39,800
-And next to her? -That's Caesarion.

443
00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:42,470
That's her son. That's her secret weapon.

444
00:20:42,470 --> 00:20:46,210
Caesarion, the first-born son of Cleopatra

445
00:20:46,210 --> 00:20:48,940
and Julius Caesar, a possible heir to the throne

446
00:20:48,940 --> 00:20:51,280
of both Egypt and Rome.

447
00:20:53,950 --> 00:20:56,420
For Cleopatra, she's making a huge public statement

448
00:20:56,420 --> 00:20:59,020
about this is my son. -Mm-hmm.

449
00:20:59,020 --> 00:21:02,760
And he is going to, in fact, take over the country.

450
00:21:02,760 --> 00:21:05,390
And this is marking him as the heir apparent,

451
00:21:05,390 --> 00:21:08,230
so it really is a public acclimation of them

452
00:21:08,230 --> 00:21:10,300
as a ruling couple. -Okay.

453
00:21:10,300 --> 00:21:12,300
This is also something that she can say,

454
00:21:12,300 --> 00:21:16,300
"I have a king to rule with me," so should things go

455
00:21:16,300 --> 00:21:20,440
pear-shaped with Mark Antony, she has someone.

456
00:21:20,440 --> 00:21:23,110
And things did go pear-shaped.

457
00:21:23,110 --> 00:21:25,580
After several years of tension, Octavian declared war

458
00:21:25,580 --> 00:21:28,550
against Cleopatra and Mark Antony.

459
00:21:28,550 --> 00:21:31,250
And defeated Antony's forces in Alexandria.

460
00:21:31,250 --> 00:21:35,860
But Antony didn't die.

461
00:21:35,860 --> 00:21:39,730
Octavian, aware of his leverage, sends word to Cleopatra

462
00:21:39,730 --> 00:21:42,930
that if she kills Mark Antony, he may spare her life

463
00:21:42,930 --> 00:21:45,260
and be open to political negotiation

464
00:21:45,270 --> 00:21:48,600
of who will rule Egypt.

465
00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:51,070
Cleopatra realizes she's not powerful enough

466
00:21:51,070 --> 00:21:53,670
to expel Mark Antony from Egypt.

467
00:21:53,670 --> 00:21:56,210
And she has not the stomach to assassinate him.

468
00:21:56,210 --> 00:21:59,410
But is she willing to lose her empire for love?

469
00:21:59,410 --> 00:22:02,150
So she conceives of a chilling plot.

470
00:22:02,150 --> 00:22:05,220
She has a message sent to Mark Antony that says

471
00:22:05,220 --> 00:22:06,590
she has killed herself.

472
00:22:06,590 --> 00:22:08,150
Her hope?

473
00:22:08,160 --> 00:22:09,620
That upon hearing the news of her death,

474
00:22:09,620 --> 00:22:11,960
Antony would take his own life.

475
00:22:11,960 --> 00:22:14,190
And that is exactly what happened.

476
00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:15,830
Upon hearing the news of his great love,

477
00:22:15,830 --> 00:22:17,700
Mark Antony falls on his sword.

478
00:22:17,700 --> 00:22:20,900
But this romantic act of suicide does not

479
00:22:20,900 --> 00:22:22,440
immediately kill him.

480
00:22:22,440 --> 00:22:25,970
So he has himself carried to the place

481
00:22:25,970 --> 00:22:28,370
where Cleopatra's body's supposed to be.

482
00:22:28,380 --> 00:22:30,910
There, upon finding her still alive,

483
00:22:30,910 --> 00:22:33,710
he tells her to make her peace with Octavian.

484
00:22:33,710 --> 00:22:38,680
And then, and only then, does Mark Antony die.

485
00:22:41,220 --> 00:22:44,660
When Octavian finally reached Cleopatra,

486
00:22:44,660 --> 00:22:46,460
she tried to seduce him.

487
00:22:46,460 --> 00:22:48,590
But he resister her charms.

488
00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:51,800
He also resisted her son Caesarion as a possible heir

489
00:22:51,800 --> 00:22:53,600
to the throne.

490
00:22:53,600 --> 00:22:55,800
She was out of options.

491
00:22:55,800 --> 00:23:00,270
As lore famously tells it, she has a poison snake smuggled

492
00:23:00,270 --> 00:23:02,610
to her in a basket of figs.

493
00:23:02,610 --> 00:23:06,210
And then, fearless as ever, she had that snake bite her

494
00:23:06,210 --> 00:23:08,880
repeatedly upon the chest until she succumbed

495
00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:12,280
to its deadly poison.

496
00:23:12,290 --> 00:23:16,020
And in a last act of love and devotion, she arranged

497
00:23:16,020 --> 00:23:19,620
to have her body buried next to Mark Antony.

498
00:23:19,630 --> 00:23:23,360
Cleopatra, the last of the Ptolemaic dynasty,

499
00:23:23,360 --> 00:23:27,300
the last queen of Egypt, the last Pharaoh,

500
00:23:27,300 --> 00:23:29,300
was dead at 39.

501
00:23:34,710 --> 00:23:37,780
Cleopatra's legacy is one of history's most powerful

502
00:23:37,780 --> 00:23:41,410
and independent female leaders is unquestionable.

503
00:23:41,420 --> 00:23:43,650
Yet the role she's most remembered for is

504
00:23:43,650 --> 00:23:45,180
that of a seductress.

505
00:23:45,190 --> 00:23:48,320
A woman who used her gender and sensuality

506
00:23:48,320 --> 00:23:51,520
to manipulate the most powerful men in the ancient world.

507
00:23:51,530 --> 00:23:54,060
But what is the Cleopatra we presume to know

508
00:23:54,060 --> 00:23:55,460
was much different?

509
00:23:55,460 --> 00:23:59,730
What if she was more complex and compelling queen, after all?

510
00:23:59,730 --> 00:24:04,540
Who was the real Cleopatra?

511
00:24:04,540 --> 00:24:07,410
To find out, I'm searching for her lost tomb.

512
00:24:07,410 --> 00:24:10,210
So we enter the tomb over here.

513
00:24:10,210 --> 00:24:12,480
Cleopatra's tomb might be somewhere right

514
00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:16,680
beneath my feet.

515
00:24:21,260 --> 00:24:23,320
I'm on a quest to uncover

516
00:24:23,320 --> 00:24:25,720
the lost tomb of Cleopatra,

517
00:24:25,730 --> 00:24:27,860
Egypt's most enigmatic queen.

518
00:24:31,470 --> 00:24:34,670
As legend goes, after Cleopatra took her own life,

519
00:24:34,670 --> 00:24:37,970
she was buried in a tomb with Mark Antony.

520
00:24:37,970 --> 00:24:42,510
A tomb that has never been found.

521
00:24:42,510 --> 00:24:45,340
With her death, the Kingdom of Egypt was annexed

522
00:24:45,350 --> 00:24:46,810
by the Roman Empire,

523
00:24:46,810 --> 00:24:51,520
and the Ptolemaic Pharaoh dynasty came to an end.

524
00:24:51,520 --> 00:24:53,590
In the two millennia since her death,

525
00:24:53,590 --> 00:24:57,060
Cleopatra's life and legacy has been largely defined

526
00:24:57,060 --> 00:24:59,590
by what her Roman enemies wrote about her.

527
00:24:59,590 --> 00:25:00,990
That she was a dangerous seductress

528
00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:02,660
who used her sexuality

529
00:25:02,660 --> 00:25:05,930
and ambition to reach for power that was beyond

530
00:25:05,930 --> 00:25:09,400
what was proper for a woman.

531
00:25:09,400 --> 00:25:12,200
But we sometimes forget that this was a real woman

532
00:25:12,210 --> 00:25:14,070
who ruled one of the greatest civilizations

533
00:25:14,080 --> 00:25:15,670
of the ancient world

534
00:25:15,680 --> 00:25:18,210
and who died trying to save her kingdom

535
00:25:18,210 --> 00:25:20,080
from Roman conquest.

536
00:25:20,080 --> 00:25:22,550
So, beyond the myth, beyond the propaganda,

537
00:25:22,550 --> 00:25:25,950
who was the woman behind the formidable

538
00:25:25,950 --> 00:25:27,820
and fabled queen of Egypt?

539
00:25:27,820 --> 00:25:29,960
And how do we tease out the truth

540
00:25:29,960 --> 00:25:32,290
from her licentious reputation?

541
00:25:36,230 --> 00:25:38,230
My search for the truth has brought me

542
00:25:38,230 --> 00:25:41,470
to the Library of Alexandria.

543
00:25:41,470 --> 00:25:45,170
Wow.

544
00:25:45,170 --> 00:25:47,470
This library was a great seed of knowledge

545
00:25:47,480 --> 00:25:50,440
in the ancient world during the reign of Cleopatra.

546
00:25:50,440 --> 00:25:52,810
But it was completely destroyed by a fire.

547
00:25:52,810 --> 00:25:56,580
It was reborn in 2002 to reclaim the mantle

548
00:25:56,580 --> 00:25:59,180
of its ancient glory.

549
00:25:59,190 --> 00:26:01,850
This extraordinary architectural wonder is home

550
00:26:01,860 --> 00:26:05,820
to a vast complex where arts, history, philosophy,

551
00:26:05,830 --> 00:26:09,590
and science all come together.

552
00:26:09,600 --> 00:26:11,730
-Dr. Basir? -Hi, how are you?

553
00:26:11,730 --> 00:26:13,130
-Nice to meet you. -Nice meeting you.

554
00:26:13,130 --> 00:26:16,340
Dr. Hussein Basir is the director of

555
00:26:16,340 --> 00:26:20,270
the Antiquity Museum at the Alexandria Library.

556
00:26:20,270 --> 00:26:23,680
Dr. Basir has offered to show me ancient text

557
00:26:23,680 --> 00:26:29,310
that may hold the secrets to the real Cleopatra.

558
00:26:29,320 --> 00:26:32,550
So, Dr. Basir, my version of Cleopatra,

559
00:26:32,550 --> 00:26:37,090
a seductress, a harlot, a manipulator of men.

560
00:26:37,090 --> 00:26:39,360
That's what I was raised with. That's the Western version.

561
00:26:39,360 --> 00:26:41,960
It was kind of a negative Cleopatra. Yes.

562
00:26:41,960 --> 00:26:44,630
Mm.

563
00:26:46,830 --> 00:26:49,900
Dr. Basir tells me that this Western view is

564
00:26:49,900 --> 00:26:53,340
actually influenced by Octavian who had vowed

565
00:26:53,340 --> 00:26:56,940
to destroy Cleopatra's reputation.

566
00:26:56,940 --> 00:26:58,980
And with her finally out of the picture,

567
00:26:58,980 --> 00:27:00,980
that's exactly what happened.

568
00:27:00,980 --> 00:27:04,780
The story of Cleopatra is retold by the Romans. Yes.

569
00:27:04,790 --> 00:27:06,890
And we end up with that version. Yes.

570
00:27:06,890 --> 00:27:09,190
Until now.

571
00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:12,320
In recent years, scholars across the world have begun

572
00:27:12,330 --> 00:27:15,260
to question the accepted history of Cleopatra.

573
00:27:15,260 --> 00:27:18,700
Thanks largely to medieval Islamic Egyptian texts

574
00:27:18,700 --> 00:27:21,000
that tell of a much different story.

575
00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:23,670
So this is whole different version of Cleopatra. Yes.

576
00:27:23,670 --> 00:27:24,940
Tell me what it says.

577
00:27:34,610 --> 00:27:36,820
Interesting.

578
00:27:36,820 --> 00:27:38,420
Wow, okay.

579
00:27:38,420 --> 00:27:41,250
To the ancient Greeks, a sage was a philosopher.

580
00:27:41,260 --> 00:27:44,620
The bearer of great wisdom.

581
00:27:44,620 --> 00:27:46,290
-So a sage, a philosopher. -Yes.

582
00:27:46,290 --> 00:27:49,930
This woman is smart. She's worldly, sophisticated. Yes.

583
00:27:53,730 --> 00:27:55,200
Interesting.

584
00:27:58,570 --> 00:28:02,240
Wow!

585
00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:06,410
So, Cleopatra was linked to the medical profession.

586
00:28:06,410 --> 00:28:09,750
She was an established author and a savant.

587
00:28:09,750 --> 00:28:11,820
And in addition to being the first Greek pharaoh

588
00:28:11,820 --> 00:28:14,650
to actually speak Egyptian, she was fluent

589
00:28:14,660 --> 00:28:17,290
in nine other languages.

590
00:28:17,290 --> 00:28:20,330
But perhaps the most interesting thing about these texts is

591
00:28:20,330 --> 00:28:22,190
what's not included.

592
00:28:22,200 --> 00:28:24,730
There's no mention of Cleopatra's assorted

593
00:28:24,730 --> 00:28:28,030
love affairs and scandals.

594
00:28:28,040 --> 00:28:29,730
You see? That's different.

595
00:28:29,740 --> 00:28:31,200
Yeah, but we've been sold a story, haven't we?

596
00:28:31,210 --> 00:28:33,610
This is a misogynistic, chauvinistic view of history,

597
00:28:33,610 --> 00:28:36,810
isn't it? -Yes, yes, yes.

598
00:28:36,810 --> 00:28:38,210
What seems clear is that

599
00:28:38,210 --> 00:28:41,210
Cleopatra has been hugely misrepresented.

600
00:28:41,220 --> 00:28:43,580
But scholars are beginning to revise this image.

601
00:28:43,580 --> 00:28:45,350
We're beginning to think differently

602
00:28:45,350 --> 00:28:47,220
about this iconic queen.

603
00:28:51,790 --> 00:28:54,360
One of the most enduring myths that has dominated

604
00:28:54,360 --> 00:28:57,500
our idea of Cleopatra through the ages is the one

605
00:28:57,500 --> 00:29:00,200
that surrounds her beauty.

606
00:29:00,200 --> 00:29:02,770
In the West, from the early Greeks and Romans

607
00:29:02,770 --> 00:29:05,440
through Shakespeare and ultimately emblazoned

608
00:29:05,440 --> 00:29:08,440
into our cultural consciousness by Hollywood,

609
00:29:08,440 --> 00:29:11,040
Cleopatra is represented as the quintessential,

610
00:29:11,050 --> 00:29:13,310
sultry femme fatale.

611
00:29:13,310 --> 00:29:15,910
When I think of Cleopatra, I immediately think

612
00:29:15,920 --> 00:29:18,150
of Elizabeth Taylor's iconic performance

613
00:29:18,150 --> 00:29:19,520
opposite Richard Burton.

614
00:29:19,520 --> 00:29:22,120
A beautiful and bewitching seductress.

615
00:29:22,120 --> 00:29:24,590
But does any visual evidence exist today

616
00:29:24,590 --> 00:29:27,660
that tells us how Cleopatra actually looked?

617
00:29:27,660 --> 00:29:30,560
I'm here at the Grand Egyptian Museum.

618
00:29:30,560 --> 00:29:33,130
It's known as the largest archeology museum in the world,

619
00:29:33,130 --> 00:29:34,870
still under construction.

620
00:29:34,870 --> 00:29:37,070
And I've been given special access into the lab

621
00:29:37,070 --> 00:29:39,670
where the only artifacts that exist

622
00:29:39,670 --> 00:29:41,040
about Cleopatra are stored.

623
00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:49,210
Ancient coins discovered at a recent archeological dig

624
00:29:49,220 --> 00:29:52,620
are decorated with Cleopatra's profile.

625
00:29:52,620 --> 00:29:54,890
This new evidence calls into question

626
00:29:54,890 --> 00:29:57,820
our notions of the beautiful queen.

627
00:29:57,830 --> 00:29:59,560
Here, take a look at this.

628
00:29:59,560 --> 00:30:01,660
That's amazing.

629
00:30:01,660 --> 00:30:05,430
Now, the tiny images here on these coins belie

630
00:30:05,430 --> 00:30:07,830
their importance, the huge importance of these.

631
00:30:07,830 --> 00:30:11,300
These are one of the few existing visual depictions

632
00:30:11,310 --> 00:30:15,770
of Cleopatra, of her face, that still exist from that time.

633
00:30:15,780 --> 00:30:18,780
But you look closer at her and that is not

634
00:30:18,780 --> 00:30:20,650
the Cleopatra I know, you know,

635
00:30:20,650 --> 00:30:23,720
from popular, you know, mythology.

636
00:30:23,720 --> 00:30:25,780
This is a different looking woman.

637
00:30:25,790 --> 00:30:27,850
Not necessarily the ravishing portrait

638
00:30:27,860 --> 00:30:30,360
that I would've expected.

639
00:30:30,360 --> 00:30:33,330
If we've gotten this wrong, her physicality,

640
00:30:33,330 --> 00:30:36,030
what else about Cleopatra have we gotten wrong?

641
00:30:39,100 --> 00:30:41,400
But perhaps the biggest mystery of all is

642
00:30:41,400 --> 00:30:43,270
what happened to her body afterwards.

643
00:30:43,270 --> 00:30:46,340
Archeologists around the world continue to search

644
00:30:46,340 --> 00:30:49,140
and theorize about the location of her tomb.

645
00:30:49,140 --> 00:30:51,540
But the burning question still remains.

646
00:30:51,550 --> 00:30:54,610
Where was Cleopatra finally laid to rest?

647
00:31:02,460 --> 00:31:05,220
I'm in Egypt uncovering the truth

648
00:31:05,230 --> 00:31:09,430
behind its last ruling pharaoh -- Cleopatra.

649
00:31:09,430 --> 00:31:12,360
But with all the swirling mysteries behind her reign

650
00:31:12,370 --> 00:31:15,830
and eventual suicide, one stands above all,

651
00:31:15,840 --> 00:31:17,500
where is her tomb?

652
00:31:19,840 --> 00:31:22,110
Connecting Cleopatra's physical legacy

653
00:31:22,110 --> 00:31:25,110
to modern day Alexandria has proven to be one

654
00:31:25,110 --> 00:31:27,580
of the biggest challenges for archeologists

655
00:31:27,580 --> 00:31:29,310
and historians alike.

656
00:31:29,320 --> 00:31:31,250
By the 14th century,

657
00:31:31,250 --> 00:31:33,450
any trace of Ptolemaic Alexandria

658
00:31:33,450 --> 00:31:35,050
was basically gone.

659
00:31:35,060 --> 00:31:37,460
What hadn't been lost to the ravages of war

660
00:31:37,460 --> 00:31:41,060
and time was destroyed by natural catastrophe.

661
00:31:41,060 --> 00:31:44,060
A series of devastating earthquakes and the tsunamis

662
00:31:44,060 --> 00:31:46,730
to follow had basically destroyed Cleopatra's court

663
00:31:46,730 --> 00:31:50,540
and palace and it was submerged into the sea.

664
00:31:50,540 --> 00:31:54,070
And for more than 1,500 years, that's where it remained.

665
00:31:54,070 --> 00:31:55,670
Lost to the sands of time.

666
00:31:55,680 --> 00:31:57,140
How you doing?

667
00:31:57,140 --> 00:31:59,750
But in the '90s, remarkable underwater archeological

668
00:31:59,750 --> 00:32:02,680
discoveries started being made right out here,

669
00:32:02,680 --> 00:32:07,420
in Alexandria's eastern harbor.

670
00:32:07,420 --> 00:32:09,890
Many archeologists and historians believe

671
00:32:09,890 --> 00:32:12,390
that when her palace collapsed into the harbor,

672
00:32:12,390 --> 00:32:16,360
Cleopatra's royal tomb went down with it.

673
00:32:16,360 --> 00:32:18,360
Down to find Cleopatra's tomb.

674
00:32:26,970 --> 00:32:30,210
It's just extraordinary to see and touch the remains...

675
00:32:30,210 --> 00:32:31,440
Wow.

676
00:32:31,450 --> 00:32:34,910
...of Cleopatra's palace after thousands of years.

677
00:32:37,350 --> 00:32:40,450
It's also clear trying to find her royal tomb hidden

678
00:32:40,450 --> 00:32:45,460
somewhere on the ocean floor would be nearly impossible.

679
00:32:45,460 --> 00:32:50,060
If it was there at all.

680
00:32:50,060 --> 00:32:53,470
It turns out a controversy is brewing among archeologists

681
00:32:53,470 --> 00:32:56,730
about other possible locations for the final resting place

682
00:32:56,740 --> 00:32:59,070
of Egypt's last pharaoh,

683
00:32:59,070 --> 00:33:03,340
where the truth about her legacy could be discovered.

684
00:33:03,340 --> 00:33:05,940
I'm about 45 minutes outside of Alexandria

685
00:33:05,950 --> 00:33:09,410
at a site known as Taposiris Magna.

686
00:33:09,420 --> 00:33:12,220
This is one of the publicized digs in Egypt.

687
00:33:12,220 --> 00:33:13,720
Currently underway

688
00:33:13,720 --> 00:33:16,550
and possibly at a very exciting juncture.

689
00:33:16,560 --> 00:33:18,360
I'm meeting a maverick archeologist

690
00:33:18,360 --> 00:33:19,560
who's making headlines

691
00:33:19,560 --> 00:33:22,490
in her quest to find Cleopatra's tomb.

692
00:33:22,500 --> 00:33:25,560
Is it possible the tomb is about to be discovered?

693
00:33:30,200 --> 00:33:33,170
Dr. Martinez? How you doing? Yes, hello, Don.

694
00:33:33,170 --> 00:33:37,040
Hi, Kathleen, nice to meet you.

695
00:33:37,040 --> 00:33:40,910
With nearly 15 years of research and excavation behind her,

696
00:33:40,910 --> 00:33:43,920
Dr. Kathleen Martinez feels she's on the brink

697
00:33:43,920 --> 00:33:46,520
of discovering Cleopatra's tomb.

698
00:33:46,520 --> 00:33:47,790
And I'm here to find out why.

699
00:33:52,860 --> 00:33:58,260
Uh-huh.

700
00:34:01,200 --> 00:34:04,800
Isis, the protective goddess that Cleopatra represented

701
00:34:04,810 --> 00:34:06,740
to Egyptian people.

702
00:34:06,740 --> 00:34:08,810
The same goddess she's depicted as

703
00:34:08,810 --> 00:34:11,740
on the temple wall Dendera.

704
00:34:11,750 --> 00:34:12,880
So it was important to find a place

705
00:34:12,880 --> 00:34:16,350
where Isis was represented, worshiped,

706
00:34:16,350 --> 00:34:18,680
because that might be also where Cleopatra is worshiped.

707
00:34:24,090 --> 00:34:25,490
That's incredible.

708
00:34:31,030 --> 00:34:34,100
Ah.

709
00:34:34,100 --> 00:34:35,570
200 coins.

710
00:34:35,570 --> 00:34:37,040
With Cleopatra.

711
00:34:37,040 --> 00:34:38,240
And these would be coins that would be right in here

712
00:34:38,240 --> 00:34:39,500
'cause this was the offering.

713
00:34:39,510 --> 00:34:41,040
It's the place you'd make your offerings. Yes.

714
00:34:41,040 --> 00:34:43,910
Okay. So I saw these coins in the Grand Museum that had -- Yes.

715
00:34:43,910 --> 00:34:45,980
...these were the coins? -Yes, these are the coins.

716
00:34:45,980 --> 00:34:47,850
I get it.

717
00:34:47,850 --> 00:34:50,780
So these coins were part of the first clues discovered

718
00:34:50,780 --> 00:34:53,650
by Kathleen that pointed to this temple as

719
00:34:53,650 --> 00:34:57,120
a possible burial spot of Cleopatra.

720
00:34:57,120 --> 00:35:00,330
But since then, she's made another discovery

721
00:35:00,330 --> 00:35:02,530
that's even more convincing.

722
00:35:07,200 --> 00:35:10,000
Uh-huh.

723
00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:12,540
Really?

724
00:35:14,210 --> 00:35:16,210
Okay.

725
00:35:17,880 --> 00:35:19,610
Wow.

726
00:35:19,610 --> 00:35:20,880
-Amazing. -Isn't it incredible?

727
00:35:20,880 --> 00:35:22,010
It's huge!

728
00:35:25,090 --> 00:35:26,490
What did you find down here?

729
00:35:30,720 --> 00:35:33,230
Yeah.

730
00:35:33,230 --> 00:35:36,430
And the significance of a priest is what?

731
00:35:36,430 --> 00:35:38,500
Yeah.

732
00:35:38,500 --> 00:35:40,630
The presence of the priest buried here

733
00:35:40,630 --> 00:35:43,530
means that they were the guardians of a royal temple? Yes.

734
00:35:43,540 --> 00:35:46,040
Okay, so there was a Pharaoh beyond those priests? Yes.

735
00:35:46,040 --> 00:35:48,110
Or presumably there might be.

736
00:35:48,110 --> 00:35:49,370
Where does this shaft go?

737
00:35:49,380 --> 00:35:52,710
The shaft, it's turning to the same angle

738
00:35:52,710 --> 00:35:55,050
of the Isis chapel.

739
00:35:55,050 --> 00:35:58,920
And so that would be the person who embodies Isis. Yes.

740
00:35:58,920 --> 00:36:01,520
-Meaning Cleopatra. -Yes.

741
00:36:01,520 --> 00:36:02,790
-I salute you.

742
00:36:02,790 --> 00:36:05,020
I mean, this is an amazing accomplishment.

743
00:36:09,630 --> 00:36:12,700
Dr. Martinez has discovered a maze of shafts

744
00:36:12,700 --> 00:36:15,770
and tunnels throughout this temple complex

745
00:36:15,770 --> 00:36:18,070
that tempts the imagination.

746
00:36:25,280 --> 00:36:27,150
Wow.

747
00:36:31,250 --> 00:36:34,790
It's incredible to think that Cleopatra's tomb could be

748
00:36:34,790 --> 00:36:37,890
somewhere right beneath my feet.

749
00:36:37,890 --> 00:36:42,490
Finding her tomb and turning her legend real would be

750
00:36:42,500 --> 00:36:46,100
the greatest discovery in Egypt since Howard Carter opened

751
00:36:46,100 --> 00:36:48,830
Tutankhamun tomb in 1922.

752
00:36:48,840 --> 00:36:50,900
There's no telling how much we could learn

753
00:36:50,900 --> 00:36:54,340
about Cleopatra's life and how she ruled.

754
00:36:54,340 --> 00:36:56,870
So how close is Dr. Martinez

755
00:36:56,880 --> 00:36:59,440
to discovering Cleopatra's tomb?

756
00:36:59,450 --> 00:37:01,580
I'm going deep underground into the bedrock

757
00:37:01,580 --> 00:37:05,580
to find out what Kathleen and her team have uncovered

758
00:37:05,590 --> 00:37:07,690
and why they feel they're closer than ever before

759
00:37:07,690 --> 00:37:09,520
to a major breakthrough.

760
00:37:09,520 --> 00:37:10,820
It's a matter of time.

761
00:37:15,900 --> 00:37:19,030
I'm in Egypt at the Temple of Taposiris

762
00:37:19,030 --> 00:37:21,270
where archeologist Kathleen Martinez

763
00:37:21,270 --> 00:37:25,070
may be on the brink of discovering Cleopatra's tomb.

764
00:37:25,070 --> 00:37:28,340
This vast temple complex is absolutely riddled

765
00:37:28,340 --> 00:37:30,680
with ancient burial chambers.

766
00:37:30,680 --> 00:37:35,410
Not only within the temple walls, but also outside.

767
00:37:35,420 --> 00:37:37,150
Wow, there you go.

768
00:37:37,150 --> 00:37:39,620
So there's tombs all over this place? Yes.

769
00:38:02,580 --> 00:38:04,580
Were these royals who were here? Yes.

770
00:38:04,580 --> 00:38:06,780
Ah, what tells you that?

771
00:38:12,790 --> 00:38:15,020
Mm-hmm.

772
00:38:17,320 --> 00:38:20,130
Mm-hmm.

773
00:38:29,140 --> 00:38:30,840
All right.

774
00:38:35,410 --> 00:38:37,080
With the right technology,

775
00:38:37,080 --> 00:38:39,410
we could zero in on her target --

776
00:38:39,410 --> 00:38:42,210
Cleopatra's tomb.

777
00:38:42,220 --> 00:38:45,080
She's already finding success within the temple walls.

778
00:38:45,090 --> 00:38:48,090
For Kathleen to be able to know whether she needs

779
00:38:48,090 --> 00:38:50,490
to dig somewhere, she's using this Russian technology.

780
00:38:50,490 --> 00:38:53,360
It's a kind of ground-penetrating radar,

781
00:38:53,360 --> 00:38:55,890
and it shoots an electromagnetic pulse into the ground

782
00:38:55,900 --> 00:38:58,230
and picks it up in the back and they read,

783
00:38:58,230 --> 00:39:01,370
basically model out through data, what is down there.

784
00:39:01,370 --> 00:39:03,170
Shafts, tunnels, tombs.

785
00:39:03,170 --> 00:39:05,100
They'll be able to read whether it's worth digging

786
00:39:05,110 --> 00:39:07,470
in this spot.

787
00:39:09,380 --> 00:39:10,840
What will the scans reveal?

788
00:39:10,840 --> 00:39:15,110
Could the tomb of Queen Cleopatra really be found?

789
00:39:22,390 --> 00:39:25,660
I'm in Egypt searching for Queen Cleopatra's tomb.

790
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Here at Taposiris, Dr. Kathleen Martinez is using

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scanning technology to find Cleopatra.

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This is the big reveal.

793
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Yes.

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We were standing here looking down, yes?

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Yes, we were standing here.

796
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Wow, so what are you seeing here?

797
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Mm-hmm.

798
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Interesting.

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So tell me what you'll do with this data.

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Yeah.

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Right.

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Interesting.

803
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Mm-hmm.

804
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Genius. Can you take me underground here?

805
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Yes.

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So you have mapped through the entire site?

807
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Mm-hmm.

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Eventually the idea is to find the tomb of Cleopatra.

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Yes.

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Yeah, I mean, you're very confident. I am.

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I'm with you on this.

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And imagine the whole world will be able

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to take this journey.

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Incredible.

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For over 2,000 years, Cleopatra has endured as one

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of the most enigmatic

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and fascinating women of history.

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Though her beauty and tantalizing powers

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of seduction have dominated the narrative,

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we often forget that for 20 years,

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she ruled one of the great civilizations

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of the ancient world.

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She negotiated with foreign powers

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and presided over temples.

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She was a scientist, a philosopher, a poet,

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and a politician and a goddess.

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And for a brief, fleeting moment, she held the fate

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of the Western world in her hands.

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In the end, Cleopatra lost everything.

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But her epically dramatic life

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and theatrical death transformed her story into legend,

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a legend we still live with today.

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