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Tonight on "the proof is out there."

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Is this a ufo tracking an
American fighter plane?

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I can't think of anything
that size and shape

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that would be able to
keep up with a jet fighter.

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Is this a sea serpent in north Carolina?

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Look at that.

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I haven't seen anything like that

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and I've lived down here for 20 years.

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Is this a message from another galaxy?

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Voyager introduced
prospective extraterrestrials

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to our civilization.

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Maybe this is their response.

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And why are geese mobbing this car?

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The earth is going
through some changes

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that we don't sense but the animals do.

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Around the globe are
videos... What are those things?

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It's moving.

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Photos and sounds that defy explanation.

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We don't know where they come from,

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who made them, or how they operate.

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What are they?

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Some sort of bizarre mutation.

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What's exciting is nobody really knows.

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Extraordinary claims
need extraordinary proof.

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I'm Tony Harris

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and as a journalist
for more than 30 years,

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I've followed the facts
where they take me.

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Now, I'm bringing that
spirit of investigation

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to the world's strangest
sounds and images.

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We'll analyze each one with top experts.

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It's a credible case, it's a credible video.

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And pass a verdict on what it is.

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This video was clearly faked.

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The proof starts now.

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Good evening, everyone

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and welcome to "the proof is out there."

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Tonight, we start near
the southern border.

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Within the past few years,

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three videos shot in Arizona
were leaked to the public.

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They reignited the conversation

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about uaps and border security.

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We've investigated two
of these cases before.

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Here is the latest clip.

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April 14th, 2021, east
of tombstone, Arizona.

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It's shortly after 11:00 P.M.

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And an agent with the
department of homeland security

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is tracking an a-10 warthog plane.

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He's operating a forward-looking
infrared camera, or flir,

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mounted atop a truck.

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The a-10 appears silhouetted
because with this camera,

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hot objects are black while
cooler objects appear white.

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The leaker didn't
elaborate on why this plane

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is flying over Arizona or why a dhs agent

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would be filming it, but it's in our hands

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because nobody expected
what happened next.

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A spherical object appears
to be chasing the fighter jet.

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Like the a-10,

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the object's heat
signature is also black hot.

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But when the agent
changes to a different setting,

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the uap shows up like a
bright orb trailing the a-10.

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At times the light is traveling so fast,

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the flir operator has problems following it

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and keeping it in frame.

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This video remained secret

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until it was sent to ufo
investigator Andy marcial.

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When I saw this and I
realized that this was real,

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I understood that what I got
my hands on was a big deal.

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For some, this Arizona sighting

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falls in line with much
of what we've heard

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about uaps from other
government sources.

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At an April 2023 congressional hearing,

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Dr. Sean kirkpatrick,
the head of aaro, testified

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that in 52% of all uap
cases it has investigated,

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the objects are spherical,

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most measure between
one and four meters across.

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Orbs like this one uncovered

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by investigative journalist Jeremy corbell.

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This unidentified
object was photographed

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over mosul, Iraq in 2016.

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And usually, their method

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of propulsion is never
immediately obvious.

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This sighting falls into
all of the major categories.

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Aaro is the all-domain
anomaly resolution office,

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the department of
defense's official agency

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for tracking unidentified
aerial phenomena.

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And teitel notes they've seen

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some similarities more
concerning than others.

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Kirkpatrick also presented
a number of cases

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where spherical ufos are
seen trailing military planes.

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The video shows that
the object is keeping up

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with the a-10 warthog like it's nothing.

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This has led some people to
wonder whether these spheres

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are actually aliens tracking
our military technology.

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There are many reasons
why extraterrestrials

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might be interested in our military.

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Surveillance, curiosity.

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One former NASA
astronaut has even claimed

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that aliens prevented a nuclear exchange

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during the peak of the cold war.

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So were aliens really
monitoring the a-10 warthog

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or was this something else
flying in the plane's airspace?

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After releasing the footage,

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Andy marcial went to his
friend David falch for answers.

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Falch is a flir technician and operator

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who works with the exact same
cameras our video was shot on.

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The first question is, could
this be much ado about nothing?

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Are we simply looking at a bird?

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It appears that the object

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is flying around the
same speed as the aircraft,

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which is traveling about
340 to 350 miles an hour.

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I don't know any birds
that fly 350 miles an hour.

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Next, we check with rich Hoffman

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of the scientific coalition for uap studies.

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If it's not a bird, could it be another object

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seen over the Arizona desert nowadays?

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Within the last year alone,

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there's been about maybe
2,200 incidents reported

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by homeland security
of drones being used

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to carry drugs across the
border and into us territory.

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However, a drone wouldn't
be changing the shape.

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This particular object
doesn't remain round.

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In fact, we don't know of any technology

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that changes shape like this as it flies.

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What kind of airborne
object can change its shape?

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Perhaps a balloon in
the process of deflating?

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We asked astronomer and
visual effects artist Marc d'Antonio

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whether or not that
theory is full of hot air.

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Could it be a balloon?

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Probably not, based on
the speed of its motion.

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It looks like it's something

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that's moving along under
its own power fast enough

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so that it can stay in the field of the a-10.

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Now, it's still possible

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it could be caught in a
fast-moving wind column.

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The winds and jet streams on average

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reach speeds of about
110 miles per hour.

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But if a balloon was
caught in that stream,

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how could it keep up with the warthog,

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which typically flies
at 350 miles per hour?

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So with no earthly
explanation for this object,

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could we be looking at
something truly extraterrestrial?

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It's changing its size.

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We don't know any craft or
any objects that can do that.

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Our verdict, we're calling
this one a genuine ufo

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and it's worth noting we see striking

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similarities here to other
government-released videos

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like the infamous USS nimitz Tic Tac.

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But let's be cautious here.

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We're still uncertain this
object is of alien origin.

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In any case, Andy, keep 'em coming.

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Now from the desert to the water.

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As we've noted before, Scotland's Nessie

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isn't the world's only
legendary aquatic monster.

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People have spotted
them right here in the us

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and some videos are
a cut above the rest.

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Check out this footage.

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It's January 3rd, 2023 in
more head city, north Carolina.

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Captain Daniel griffee and
his girlfriend Ashley Wright

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are out in the port on his boat

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when they see something
strange lurking in the waters.

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Daniel pulls out his phone and
takes a video of a mysterious,

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possibly snake-like
animal circling his boat.

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Here's the moment it briefly
pops its head out of the water.

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Look at that.

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The couple is shocked by its sheer size.

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My boat is 22 foot long

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and it had to be every bit of 25, 30 feet.

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It wasn't like something I
had seen in the water before.

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We didn't have any idea
what type of creature it was.

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The animal looks like a
cross between an alligator,

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a manatee, and a dolphin.

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Yet compared to the length
of Daniel's boat, it appears

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to be much bigger than
any of those aquatic animals,

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though it's difficult to Gauge the size

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with the shot zoomed in.

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Field researcher Ken
gerhard knows the south

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is no stranger to
mysterious water monsters.

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200 miles up the
coast from this location,

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we come to chesapeake bay

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nestled between Maryland and Virginia,

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which is home to a
monster known as chessie.

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Chessie is typically described

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as a dark gray serpentine
animal about 20 to 40 feet long

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with a football-shaped head.

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The most notable
chessie sighting on record

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occurred in 1982 when
a man named Bob frew

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videotaped a suspicious
animal swimming

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near his dock on Kent island, Maryland.

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He described it as
being up to 40 feet long

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and he couldn't tell what it was for sure.

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Scientists from the Smithsonian institute

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reviewed the footage and admitted

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that it appeared to show some
type of animal that was real,

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that was animate and that
he was not familiar with.

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Another nearby legend
is Georgia's altamaha-ha,

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believed to live in the coastal marshes

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around the mouth of the altamaha river.

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This iconic sea monster

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with the flippers of a
seal has in recent times

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been reported as being 30 feet long,

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just like the creature
spotted in north Carolina.

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In 1830, the captain
of the schooner eagle

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claimed he saw altamaha-ha
off the coast of Georgia.

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He described it as about 70 feet long

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with large protruding eyes, sharp teeth,

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with an alligator-shaped head

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to go along with its long tail.

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Could the creature in the video
have migrated from Georgia

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to north Carolina's crystal coast?

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Let's see if our experts can
reel in this maritime mystery.

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Let's do some process of elimination.

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First, could this be an alligator?

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00:10:17,540 --> 00:10:20,056
Well, it's not moving
like an alligator would.

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Alligators swim more
at the top of the water.

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Their tail is propelling them forward,

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moving back and forth horizontally.

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Manka says that in
contrast, this sea creature

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is propelling itself by
moving its tail vertically.

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It's undulating through the water.

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So it's going to the surface
and going up and down,

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up and down repeatedly.

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Another disqualifier,

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this doesn't look like alligator skin.

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Especially in this shot right here

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when it's coming out of the water,

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the skin looks really smooth.

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I'm not seeing the bumpy scales

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that you would see on an alligator.

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Okay, then could it be a different reptile,

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like a giant sea snake?

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Sea snakes can get big, but not that big

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and they're long and skinny.

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This animal is really thick.

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Even a thicker snake like
an anaconda or a python,

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I still don't think it would
be as thick as this animal.

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Another obvious possibility

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often seen in the outer
banks is the dolphin,

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but that's not a good fit either.

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The nose and face of this creature

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look too wide to be that
of a porpoise or a dolphin

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and we don't see that dorsal
fin or the fin on the back

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that we would see for
a dolphin or a porpoise.

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Though before we plunge into the theory

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that this is in fact a
legendary sea monster,

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this creature does have one feature

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found on a dolphin or porpoise that might

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provide the definitive clue, a blowhole.

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Based on the timing and
the anatomical features

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that I'm seeing, a defined backbone,

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a dynamic tail that is
horizontally-oriented,

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and what appears to be a blowhole,

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I think that this is actually

253
00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:02,976
the calf of a northern right whale.

254
00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:05,346
These animals actually do travel

255
00:12:05,370 --> 00:12:09,226
as far south as north
Carolina to have their young

256
00:12:09,250 --> 00:12:11,016
during the winter months.

257
00:12:11,040 --> 00:12:13,886
So the time and the location matches up.

258
00:12:13,910 --> 00:12:16,886
But how do you explain
its slithering body?

259
00:12:16,910 --> 00:12:18,676
A whale that slithers?

260
00:12:18,700 --> 00:12:20,766
This is actually pretty normal movement

261
00:12:20,790 --> 00:12:22,596
for a juvenile whale.

262
00:12:22,620 --> 00:12:25,016
They're pretty active and dynamic.

263
00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:27,226
But the other thing we
might be seeing here

264
00:12:27,250 --> 00:12:30,426
is that because this animal
is so weak, it's being pushed

265
00:12:30,450 --> 00:12:33,540
by the current and actually
just trying to stay upright.

266
00:12:37,410 --> 00:12:41,846
Our verdict, this is a north
Atlantic right whale calf.

267
00:12:41,870 --> 00:12:43,136
It is one of the world's

268
00:12:43,160 --> 00:12:45,306
most endangered large whale species.

269
00:12:45,330 --> 00:12:49,200
So Daniel and Ashley are
very lucky they got a sneak peek.

270
00:12:53,290 --> 00:12:55,676
In Great Britain, a moor is an open,

271
00:12:55,700 --> 00:12:57,846
hilly area of rough grass,

272
00:12:57,870 --> 00:13:01,726
sometimes wet, sometimes
dry, and fairly isolated.

273
00:13:01,750 --> 00:13:03,346
The Yorkshire moors is where

274
00:13:03,370 --> 00:13:06,136
the classic novel
"wuthering heights" is set.

275
00:13:06,160 --> 00:13:08,016
Well, according to one person,

276
00:13:08,040 --> 00:13:10,846
the moors should also be
known for something else,

277
00:13:10,870 --> 00:13:12,410
alien encounters.

278
00:13:13,410 --> 00:13:15,676
It's December 1st, 1987.

279
00:13:15,700 --> 00:13:18,016
A story goes that a retired police officer

280
00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:20,176
named Philip Spencer
was taking a routine

281
00:13:20,200 --> 00:13:23,306
morning walk across ilkley
moor in west Yorkshire,

282
00:13:23,330 --> 00:13:26,266
England, when his life changed forever.

283
00:13:26,290 --> 00:13:28,676
Local resident and tour guide Tim barber

284
00:13:28,700 --> 00:13:32,926
knows Spencer's tale and
this mysterious landscape well.

285
00:13:32,950 --> 00:13:35,136
Ilkley moor is this wild landscape

286
00:13:35,160 --> 00:13:37,976
full of Heather and wild marsh grasses.

287
00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:40,766
So it's quite a desolate environment

288
00:13:40,790 --> 00:13:42,766
and if I'm taking people up on the moors,

289
00:13:42,790 --> 00:13:45,926
the story of Philip
Spencer always comes out.

290
00:13:45,950 --> 00:13:47,976
Barber says back in 1987,

291
00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:49,846
Spencer was walking along the moors

292
00:13:49,870 --> 00:13:52,056
with his camera when
he saw something strange

293
00:13:52,080 --> 00:13:55,700
in the distance, and that's
when he captured this.

294
00:13:57,370 --> 00:14:00,096
He started to come across, see a figure

295
00:14:00,120 --> 00:14:01,726
which he just thought was another hiker.

296
00:14:01,750 --> 00:14:03,266
But as he got closer,

297
00:14:03,290 --> 00:14:05,346
the figure seemed to be quite strange.

298
00:14:05,370 --> 00:14:09,306
It's got an enlarged
head, large, long arms,

299
00:14:09,330 --> 00:14:12,330
and by all account, had a green tinge.

300
00:14:13,330 --> 00:14:16,556
This thing is pretty creepy-looking.

301
00:14:16,580 --> 00:14:18,136
It doesn't look quite human.

302
00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:21,636
Obviously, it's of a
mist-shrouded location,

303
00:14:21,660 --> 00:14:24,370
so we don't get a really clear visual.

304
00:14:25,660 --> 00:14:28,556
Years later, the photo
showed up on the Internet.

305
00:14:28,580 --> 00:14:30,596
By that time, it had been enhanced.

306
00:14:30,620 --> 00:14:33,926
Three versions emerged
in different color schemes.

307
00:14:33,950 --> 00:14:35,676
In the enhancements, you can see

308
00:14:35,700 --> 00:14:38,766
what looks to be a face with dark eyes.

309
00:14:38,790 --> 00:14:40,976
It has long arms and large hands.

310
00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:43,886
That helps make sense of
the rest of Spencer's story.

311
00:14:43,910 --> 00:14:47,016
Shortly after this, the creature vanished

312
00:14:47,040 --> 00:14:51,346
and he saw what looked
to be a strange type of craft

313
00:14:51,370 --> 00:14:54,016
taking off in the distance
and going up into the air.

314
00:14:54,040 --> 00:14:55,636
The next thing Spencer remembered

315
00:14:55,660 --> 00:14:57,726
was his watch was behind by an hour

316
00:14:57,750 --> 00:14:59,346
and the magnetic
compass that he had taken

317
00:14:59,370 --> 00:15:02,806
with him on the hike
had reversed polarity.

318
00:15:02,830 --> 00:15:05,386
He surmised that in
that lost amount of time,

319
00:15:05,410 --> 00:15:08,426
he'd been hit with an
enormous amount of energy.

320
00:15:08,450 --> 00:15:11,846
In fact, he believed he'd been abducted.

321
00:15:11,870 --> 00:15:13,806
Aware his story was hard to believe,

322
00:15:13,830 --> 00:15:15,976
he created the
pseudonym Philip Spencer

323
00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:17,676
to protect his identity.

324
00:15:17,700 --> 00:15:20,346
We don't know what his real name was

325
00:15:20,370 --> 00:15:22,976
and can't even confirm
he was an ex-policeman.

326
00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:25,056
But Ken gerhard says what is certain

327
00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:27,596
is the area's connection to ufos.

328
00:15:27,620 --> 00:15:30,346
This sighting is just
one of several in the area

329
00:15:30,370 --> 00:15:32,846
which actually lies near an ancient,

330
00:15:32,870 --> 00:15:36,596
neolithic stone circle
known as the 12 apostles

331
00:15:36,620 --> 00:15:39,556
and like many ancient
monolithic sites in England,

332
00:15:39,580 --> 00:15:42,346
it's very mysterious, we're
not really sure who made it.

333
00:15:42,370 --> 00:15:44,676
There are some who
say that this ancient circle

334
00:15:44,700 --> 00:15:47,976
is actually evidence that
aliens visited the moors

335
00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:50,016
a millennia go and that the visitations

336
00:15:50,040 --> 00:15:51,580
continue to this very day.

337
00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:55,976
In 2011, britain's telegraph newspaper

338
00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:58,846
called the ilkley moor alien sighting

339
00:15:58,870 --> 00:16:01,806
one of the top 10 UK
ufo incidents of all time.

340
00:16:01,830 --> 00:16:03,676
For decades, the original photo

341
00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:08,016
and the enhancement have been
studied backwards and forwards

342
00:16:08,040 --> 00:16:11,120
and now it's time for
our experts to take a look.

343
00:16:15,250 --> 00:16:17,976
First, we ask anthropologist Kathy strain

344
00:16:18,000 --> 00:16:19,976
to examine the enhanced photo.

345
00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:21,846
The only thing that I can tell

346
00:16:21,870 --> 00:16:24,806
from the photo is that it's bipedal.

347
00:16:24,830 --> 00:16:27,306
I find it creepy in the sense

348
00:16:27,330 --> 00:16:31,426
that it doesn't immediately
look like a human.

349
00:16:31,450 --> 00:16:34,386
All the other animals
that exist in England,

350
00:16:34,410 --> 00:16:39,226
they're four-legged hoofed
animals, dogs, cows, deer.

351
00:16:39,250 --> 00:16:41,556
So I do not know if what we are seeing

352
00:16:41,580 --> 00:16:44,346
in that photograph is an alien or not.

353
00:16:44,370 --> 00:16:46,016
Next, we take it to

354
00:16:46,040 --> 00:16:48,596
forensic photo and video
analyst Michael primeau.

355
00:16:48,620 --> 00:16:50,426
What I find peculiar is that

356
00:16:50,450 --> 00:16:54,766
when I examine images like
this, there's always only one.

357
00:16:54,790 --> 00:16:56,176
The operator could have captured

358
00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:58,636
multiple images, so why didn't they?

359
00:16:58,660 --> 00:17:00,426
But it's the enhanced versions

360
00:17:00,450 --> 00:17:04,266
of the photograph that lead
primeau to have grave doubts.

361
00:17:04,290 --> 00:17:05,726
What we're looking at here

362
00:17:05,750 --> 00:17:08,476
is three different
iterations of this creature

363
00:17:08,500 --> 00:17:10,636
and what's interesting is the shadowing

364
00:17:10,660 --> 00:17:12,596
on the creature's face and down

365
00:17:12,620 --> 00:17:15,346
onto its torso and
through its neck region.

366
00:17:15,370 --> 00:17:18,056
For primeau, the details
of an alien creature

367
00:17:18,080 --> 00:17:21,636
weren't revealed by the
enhancement, they were added.

368
00:17:21,660 --> 00:17:23,476
None of that information is represented

369
00:17:23,500 --> 00:17:26,306
in the very first image that was captured.

370
00:17:26,330 --> 00:17:28,176
Information has been introduced,

371
00:17:28,200 --> 00:17:30,056
shapes of things have been altered,

372
00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:31,886
the perspectives have been skewed,

373
00:17:31,910 --> 00:17:33,806
tonal values have changed.

374
00:17:33,830 --> 00:17:35,476
Basically I would not consider this

375
00:17:35,500 --> 00:17:38,386
an authentic representation of the events

376
00:17:38,410 --> 00:17:40,176
because of the number of changes

377
00:17:40,200 --> 00:17:42,846
that this picture has undergone.

378
00:17:42,870 --> 00:17:45,516
It's a logical argument,
but strain believes

379
00:17:45,540 --> 00:17:48,386
the most important
detail in Spencer's story,

380
00:17:48,410 --> 00:17:51,386
if true, may not be in the photograph.

381
00:17:51,410 --> 00:17:56,346
He had a compass with
him that had reversed polarity

382
00:17:56,370 --> 00:18:00,176
and the only way that you
can do that to a compass

383
00:18:00,200 --> 00:18:05,136
is that it is exposed to a
high level of magnetism.

384
00:18:05,160 --> 00:18:11,096
So it makes me wonder
if he was near a ufo

385
00:18:11,120 --> 00:18:14,346
and then, that's why his
compass had that happen.

386
00:18:14,370 --> 00:18:18,806
And so, it leads me to believe,
regardless of the photograph,

387
00:18:18,830 --> 00:18:20,830
maybe he's telling the truth.

388
00:18:24,790 --> 00:18:26,136
Our verdict,

389
00:18:26,160 --> 00:18:28,806
we're going to go with
unexplained phenomenon.

390
00:18:28,830 --> 00:18:30,056
Primeau makes a good case

391
00:18:30,080 --> 00:18:32,386
that the enhanced photo was doctored,

392
00:18:32,410 --> 00:18:35,226
but the original can't
be entirely dismissed.

393
00:18:35,250 --> 00:18:38,516
In fact, one analysis
conducted by Kodak labs

394
00:18:38,540 --> 00:18:41,056
couldn't find any evidence of tampering

395
00:18:41,080 --> 00:18:43,016
on the original photograph.

396
00:18:43,040 --> 00:18:45,160
Clearly, there's more investigating to do.

397
00:18:49,120 --> 00:18:51,016
Nearly everyone has had to brake

398
00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:53,226
for wildlife at one time or another.

399
00:18:53,250 --> 00:18:55,176
Nothing strange about that.

400
00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:58,136
But the animals
crossing in our next video

401
00:18:58,160 --> 00:19:00,846
left spectators with goosebumps.

402
00:19:00,870 --> 00:19:03,516
August 16th, 2022.

403
00:19:03,540 --> 00:19:06,676
It's a beautiful day for a
drive through lanzhou, China,

404
00:19:06,700 --> 00:19:08,976
but on this particular
stretch of road, things

405
00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:12,620
have come to a standstill
and it's not because of traffic.

406
00:19:13,950 --> 00:19:16,426
A car has pulled to the side
of the road to let a gaggle

407
00:19:16,450 --> 00:19:19,676
of geese cross, but the
geese have other plans.

408
00:19:19,700 --> 00:19:23,516
Hundreds of the birds
strangely circle the car,

409
00:19:23,540 --> 00:19:27,846
surrounding it in an uncanny
spiral while blocking traffic.

410
00:19:27,870 --> 00:19:29,676
The sea of beaks moves about

411
00:19:29,700 --> 00:19:33,346
in a counterclockwise
direction with no sign of stopping.

412
00:19:33,370 --> 00:19:36,346
When I saw this video, I
thought is there a message that

413
00:19:36,370 --> 00:19:40,476
we need to be gleaning from
seeing something so ominous?

414
00:19:40,500 --> 00:19:44,476
What if the earth is going
through some changes

415
00:19:44,500 --> 00:19:49,016
that we don't see or
sense but the animals do?

416
00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:51,096
Brooks suggests a deeper connection

417
00:19:51,120 --> 00:19:53,726
with earth's magnetic
field may cause animals

418
00:19:53,750 --> 00:19:57,056
to behave in ways that seem
odd to their human neighbors.

419
00:19:57,080 --> 00:19:59,346
Scientists believe that
we are well overdue

420
00:19:59,370 --> 00:20:01,726
for a full on magnetic pole shift.

421
00:20:01,750 --> 00:20:03,636
A pole shift is when the earth's

422
00:20:03,660 --> 00:20:06,636
magnetic north and
south Poles swap location.

423
00:20:06,660 --> 00:20:10,016
The magnetic field becomes
jumbled but stays intact.

424
00:20:10,040 --> 00:20:13,846
The last time this happened
was nearly 800,000 years ago.

425
00:20:13,870 --> 00:20:15,346
During a pole reversal,

426
00:20:15,370 --> 00:20:19,676
it is said that the magnetic
field actually weakens.

427
00:20:19,700 --> 00:20:23,346
Animals are tuned into our magnetic field

428
00:20:23,370 --> 00:20:25,056
a lot more than we are.

429
00:20:25,080 --> 00:20:27,096
We've learned that livestock

430
00:20:27,120 --> 00:20:31,096
actually tend to line
up in a north-south line

431
00:20:31,120 --> 00:20:33,056
kind of like a compass needle.

432
00:20:33,080 --> 00:20:35,266
If we're seeing a shift,

433
00:20:35,290 --> 00:20:37,636
this strange animal
behavior is apt to happen.

434
00:20:37,660 --> 00:20:40,676
I think that they are
maybe more tethered

435
00:20:40,700 --> 00:20:43,306
to terra firm a than we give 'em credit for.

436
00:20:43,330 --> 00:20:45,516
Scientists believe that many animals,

437
00:20:45,540 --> 00:20:49,386
such as sharks, sea turtles,
and even insects like honeybees,

438
00:20:49,410 --> 00:20:52,426
use the earth's magnetic
field for navigation.

439
00:20:52,450 --> 00:20:55,346
If a switch occurred, it could
cause problems in terms

440
00:20:55,370 --> 00:20:58,016
of migration, but Brooks
believes there could be another

441
00:20:58,040 --> 00:21:02,226
factor making these geese
ambush this unsuspecting sedan.

442
00:21:02,250 --> 00:21:04,596
There's a phenomenon
known as imprinting

443
00:21:04,620 --> 00:21:08,726
and imprinting is when a young
animal forms an attachment

444
00:21:08,750 --> 00:21:13,346
to this protector mother
figure when they're first born.

445
00:21:13,370 --> 00:21:15,556
As I looked at this, I thought to myself,

446
00:21:15,580 --> 00:21:18,266
are these geese imprinting on this car?

447
00:21:18,290 --> 00:21:19,636
In other words,

448
00:21:19,660 --> 00:21:22,136
the geese think the car is their mother.

449
00:21:22,160 --> 00:21:24,516
Turns out animals have been imprinting

450
00:21:24,540 --> 00:21:26,806
on inanimate objects for centuries.

451
00:21:26,830 --> 00:21:29,676
In China, rice farmers have historically

452
00:21:29,700 --> 00:21:32,846
imprinted newly-hatched
ducklings to a special stick

453
00:21:32,870 --> 00:21:34,846
which they then use
to bring the ducks out

454
00:21:34,870 --> 00:21:37,846
to rice paddies to control
the snail population.

455
00:21:37,870 --> 00:21:40,596
So with imprinting, they
are sort of looking for

456
00:21:40,620 --> 00:21:43,660
this parental figure
as a form of protection.

457
00:21:46,160 --> 00:21:47,426
This is far from the first time

458
00:21:47,450 --> 00:21:49,766
we've covered weird animal behavior.

459
00:21:49,790 --> 00:21:52,806
We've seen an elephant
that could supposedly talk

460
00:21:52,830 --> 00:21:56,476
and strange sheep circling
in both China and the UK.

461
00:21:56,500 --> 00:21:59,136
Some of those phenomena
remain unexplained.

462
00:21:59,160 --> 00:22:00,476
We're hoping our experts

463
00:22:00,500 --> 00:22:03,290
will have more luck figuring this one out.

464
00:22:07,200 --> 00:22:09,266
Wildlife biologist Stephanie manka

465
00:22:09,290 --> 00:22:10,846
isn't so sure that these geese

466
00:22:10,870 --> 00:22:13,806
are imprinting this car as
a potential mother figure.

467
00:22:13,830 --> 00:22:17,136
We have a lot of geese in this situation

468
00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:21,346
and they would all have to
be around this car as goslings.

469
00:22:21,370 --> 00:22:23,346
There's a critical window

470
00:22:23,370 --> 00:22:25,726
for imprintation after
the young are hatched.

471
00:22:25,750 --> 00:22:28,676
So it is very unlikely that this many geese

472
00:22:28,700 --> 00:22:30,926
were in contact with this car

473
00:22:30,950 --> 00:22:34,346
and happened to come
across it now crossing the road.

474
00:22:34,370 --> 00:22:36,846
And as far as magnetic
fields are concerned,

475
00:22:36,870 --> 00:22:39,596
manka points out that the
Poles have reversed before

476
00:22:39,620 --> 00:22:41,976
with very little fallout
from the animal community.

477
00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:45,476
We are overdue to
have the Poles flipped,

478
00:22:45,500 --> 00:22:48,306
but it doesn't seem to be a big concern.

479
00:22:48,330 --> 00:22:49,766
In history, there haven't been

480
00:22:49,790 --> 00:22:52,556
major changes when this has happened.

481
00:22:52,580 --> 00:22:55,766
Biologist Floyd Hayes
says many people online

482
00:22:55,790 --> 00:22:58,226
were comparing this to a death spiral,

483
00:22:58,250 --> 00:23:00,926
an act commonly
found in insects like ants

484
00:23:00,950 --> 00:23:03,806
where part of a group
loses their orientation

485
00:23:03,830 --> 00:23:07,516
and end up walking in circles
until dead from exhaustion.

486
00:23:07,540 --> 00:23:09,056
I think this is quite different

487
00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:11,676
than the death spiral that
we see in certain insects.

488
00:23:11,700 --> 00:23:14,886
Birds have larger brains than
insects and they're not dumb

489
00:23:14,910 --> 00:23:17,846
enough that they're gonna
walk in circles until they die.

490
00:23:17,870 --> 00:23:20,016
Ultimately, Hayes
thinks we're simply seeing

491
00:23:20,040 --> 00:23:23,886
a flummoxed gaggle
temporarily following its own tail.

492
00:23:23,910 --> 00:23:26,556
I think the geese just
got a little bit confused.

493
00:23:26,580 --> 00:23:27,846
They were following the leader

494
00:23:27,870 --> 00:23:30,726
and the leader was following others.

495
00:23:30,750 --> 00:23:32,676
I suspect a few minutes
later, they stopped

496
00:23:32,700 --> 00:23:34,846
that behavior and walked
off to the side of the road.

497
00:23:34,870 --> 00:23:37,330
I think it was just a
temporary phenomenon.

498
00:23:41,620 --> 00:23:46,226
Our verdict, this is a case
of mass goose confusion.

499
00:23:46,250 --> 00:23:47,926
Like the blind leading the blind,

500
00:23:47,950 --> 00:23:50,016
a couple of geese got turned around

501
00:23:50,040 --> 00:23:53,176
and let their flocking
instincts get the better of them,

502
00:23:53,200 --> 00:23:57,676
leading the rest in a time
consuming loop around the car.

503
00:23:57,700 --> 00:24:00,136
We're happy to report that
the geese did eventually make it

504
00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:03,660
to safety before the oncoming
traffic turned them into pate.

505
00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:09,426
Did you know that the first photograph

506
00:24:09,450 --> 00:24:11,676
was taken in the 1820s?

507
00:24:11,700 --> 00:24:13,846
Since then, humans
have taken more photos

508
00:24:13,870 --> 00:24:16,676
than we could possibly
count, but who took

509
00:24:16,700 --> 00:24:20,660
the first photo of a ufo,
and was it the real deal?

510
00:24:22,330 --> 00:24:25,346
It's the winter season of 1870 and 1871

511
00:24:25,370 --> 00:24:27,976
on mount Washington
in New Hampshire.

512
00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:30,346
Photographers Amos
cloth and Howard Kimball

513
00:24:30,370 --> 00:24:32,176
are on a meteorological expedition

514
00:24:32,200 --> 00:24:35,580
when they unwittingly snap
a photo that makes history.

515
00:24:36,540 --> 00:24:38,726
The stereo graph, or pair of photos

516
00:24:38,750 --> 00:24:41,976
taken simultaneously
by a dual lens camera,

517
00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:44,976
would have originally been
viewed through a stereoscope,

518
00:24:45,000 --> 00:24:48,846
a precursor to the
view-master toy we know today.

519
00:24:48,870 --> 00:24:51,700
It appears to show a fluffy white cloud.

520
00:24:52,870 --> 00:24:54,000
But look closer.

521
00:24:55,200 --> 00:24:58,556
Right in the center is a
dark, cigar-shaped object

522
00:24:58,580 --> 00:25:00,556
that seems to be flying in the clouds.

523
00:25:00,580 --> 00:25:02,346
It doesn't have any wings

524
00:25:02,370 --> 00:25:05,346
or means of propulsion that we can see.

525
00:25:05,370 --> 00:25:06,726
What could it be?

526
00:25:06,750 --> 00:25:09,386
In 1870, there were no airplanes.

527
00:25:09,410 --> 00:25:10,886
It's clearly not a bird.

528
00:25:10,910 --> 00:25:13,636
So what could possibly be floating

529
00:25:13,660 --> 00:25:15,636
in front of the clouds like this?

530
00:25:15,660 --> 00:25:18,306
This is thought to be the first ufo photo

531
00:25:18,330 --> 00:25:21,886
ever taken but it's hardly
the first sighting of its kind.

532
00:25:21,910 --> 00:25:25,596
One such incident was in
1860 in Wilmington, Delaware.

533
00:25:25,620 --> 00:25:29,266
Residents reported seeing
something 200 feet long

534
00:25:29,290 --> 00:25:33,266
streaking across the sky and in 1876,

535
00:25:33,290 --> 00:25:36,806
residents of Sacramento,
California reported seeing

536
00:25:36,830 --> 00:25:39,886
something that looked like
an electric arc lamp propelled

537
00:25:39,910 --> 00:25:44,266
by some mysterious force
crossing over them in the sky.

538
00:25:44,290 --> 00:25:45,556
At the time,

539
00:25:45,580 --> 00:25:47,136
these reports referred
to the strange objects

540
00:25:47,160 --> 00:25:50,636
as "mystery airships"
and with the 20th century

541
00:25:50,660 --> 00:25:53,016
came more photos of
them, like the so-called

542
00:25:53,040 --> 00:25:56,476
sawmill ufo snapped in ward, Colorado.

543
00:25:56,500 --> 00:25:59,176
Believed to have been taken in 1929,

544
00:25:59,200 --> 00:26:02,926
Edward klein was in ward
to photograph the sawmill

545
00:26:02,950 --> 00:26:06,306
when he heard a
thunderous boom overhead.

546
00:26:06,330 --> 00:26:07,846
He said that when he looked up,

547
00:26:07,870 --> 00:26:10,016
he saw what looked like a giant,

548
00:26:10,040 --> 00:26:13,636
spherical Boulder
passing over him in the sky.

549
00:26:13,660 --> 00:26:15,556
That makes at least two

550
00:26:15,580 --> 00:26:18,976
antique ufo photos
still drawing eyes today.

551
00:26:19,000 --> 00:26:22,346
The challenge with these
vintage ufo photographs

552
00:26:22,370 --> 00:26:23,806
is that we don't have as much data

553
00:26:23,830 --> 00:26:26,136
about them as we do
modern photographs.

554
00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:29,266
When we look at certain
old ufo photographs,

555
00:26:29,290 --> 00:26:32,200
there really is a mystery as
to what it could possibly be.

556
00:26:34,200 --> 00:26:37,676
In a criminal investigation,
an open and unsolved case

557
00:26:37,700 --> 00:26:41,346
is generally considered
cold after only one year.

558
00:26:41,370 --> 00:26:43,056
So have these ufo cases

559
00:26:43,080 --> 00:26:46,676
frozen in time gone too cold to solve?

560
00:26:46,700 --> 00:26:50,040
We ask our experts to turn up the heat.

561
00:26:53,700 --> 00:26:56,516
First, astrophotographer
Andrew McCarthy

562
00:26:56,540 --> 00:26:59,016
considers if the mount Washington ufo

563
00:26:59,040 --> 00:27:01,056
could be some kind of early aircraft.

564
00:27:01,080 --> 00:27:04,636
Today, we have aircraft
flying over constantly

565
00:27:04,660 --> 00:27:08,176
and thousands of
satellites in our night sky.

566
00:27:08,200 --> 00:27:11,346
Back in the 19th century,
none of that was relevant.

567
00:27:11,370 --> 00:27:13,846
Now, there were hot air balloons.

568
00:27:13,870 --> 00:27:16,266
Still, this ufo's oblong profile

569
00:27:16,290 --> 00:27:18,726
clearly doesn't match
that of a hot air balloon.

570
00:27:18,750 --> 00:27:22,056
That means an early
aircraft explanation is out.

571
00:27:22,080 --> 00:27:24,846
But what about the sawmill photo?

572
00:27:24,870 --> 00:27:26,846
Now, one of the unique
things about this photo

573
00:27:26,870 --> 00:27:29,846
is it doesn't actually have an eyewitness

574
00:27:29,870 --> 00:27:32,176
to go along with it, other
than the photographer.

575
00:27:32,200 --> 00:27:34,886
The workers heard a
noise and felt a shudder

576
00:27:34,910 --> 00:27:36,636
but they didn't see this object.

577
00:27:36,660 --> 00:27:38,886
The photographer did allegedly

578
00:27:38,910 --> 00:27:41,676
see the object at the
time he snapped the photo.

579
00:27:41,700 --> 00:27:43,676
But McCarthy questions that claim.

580
00:27:43,700 --> 00:27:46,016
He suspects there may be
something else at play here.

581
00:27:46,040 --> 00:27:49,016
What I think we're looking
at here is actually a drop

582
00:27:49,040 --> 00:27:52,120
of moisture getting sandwiched
in between these negatives.

583
00:27:53,120 --> 00:27:55,766
There's old photos like
this just filled with artifacts

584
00:27:55,790 --> 00:27:58,226
and they probably all
happened in the dark room

585
00:27:58,250 --> 00:28:00,750
when the film negatives
were being processed.

586
00:28:01,950 --> 00:28:04,056
But it's unlikely that a film artifact

587
00:28:04,080 --> 00:28:06,636
could explain away the
mount Washington ufo

588
00:28:06,660 --> 00:28:09,266
since it appears in both of the images.

589
00:28:09,290 --> 00:28:10,926
But film producer Sam sherman,

590
00:28:10,950 --> 00:28:13,516
who owns the physical
stereo graph, says

591
00:28:13,540 --> 00:28:17,266
it's that stereoscopic view
that unlocks the whole story.

592
00:28:17,290 --> 00:28:19,846
Everybody on the Internet who claims

593
00:28:19,870 --> 00:28:24,226
that this is an object flying
over mount Washington,

594
00:28:24,250 --> 00:28:27,766
it's because they're
looking at one eye view

595
00:28:27,790 --> 00:28:29,516
of the stereo card.

596
00:28:29,540 --> 00:28:32,846
It looks like it could be
flying over the snow-capped

597
00:28:32,870 --> 00:28:35,516
mountain, but then
when you see it in stereo,

598
00:28:35,540 --> 00:28:37,846
with your two eyes seeing the 3D,

599
00:28:37,870 --> 00:28:40,096
you see it's embedded in the snow.

600
00:28:40,120 --> 00:28:42,346
Stereoscopy works just like our eyes,

601
00:28:42,370 --> 00:28:44,516
displaying a pair of
two-dimensional images

602
00:28:44,540 --> 00:28:47,266
from slightly different
angles that, when combined,

603
00:28:47,290 --> 00:28:50,346
create a single three-dimensional image.

604
00:28:50,370 --> 00:28:53,766
And since the background
immediately surrounding the ufo

605
00:28:53,790 --> 00:28:56,176
doesn't shift from the
left image to the right,

606
00:28:56,200 --> 00:28:59,766
that means this ufo isn't flying at all.

607
00:28:59,790 --> 00:29:01,806
When they list in their catalog

608
00:29:01,830 --> 00:29:03,846
what they've taken a photograph of,

609
00:29:03,870 --> 00:29:06,016
they call it "frost architecture."

610
00:29:06,040 --> 00:29:08,516
In other words, a photo of a snowbank

611
00:29:08,540 --> 00:29:12,176
on the mountaintop that's
feet rather than miles away,

612
00:29:12,200 --> 00:29:15,176
not an image of a
faraway cloud in the sky.

613
00:29:15,200 --> 00:29:17,266
Hoffman says that when
it came to photographing

614
00:29:17,290 --> 00:29:20,306
something as featureless
as snow back in the day,

615
00:29:20,330 --> 00:29:24,016
a photographer would often
add an object to indicate scale.

616
00:29:24,040 --> 00:29:26,386
So what's happened is that they probably

617
00:29:26,410 --> 00:29:31,176
have set their ruler over
there on that frost architecture

618
00:29:31,200 --> 00:29:33,056
to give a perspective in terms of

619
00:29:33,080 --> 00:29:36,160
how big this thing is
that they're looking at.

620
00:29:39,910 --> 00:29:42,766
Our verdict, the eyes have it.

621
00:29:42,790 --> 00:29:45,476
Once you understand stereoscopy,

622
00:29:45,500 --> 00:29:49,386
it is easy to identify this
as a ruler in the snow.

623
00:29:49,410 --> 00:29:51,636
Of course, ufos could have been

624
00:29:51,660 --> 00:29:54,226
visiting earth back in the 19th century,

625
00:29:54,250 --> 00:29:58,040
but we can say for sure they
didn't photo-bomb this shot.

626
00:30:02,080 --> 00:30:04,226
Trucking is a unique
way to see the country,

627
00:30:04,250 --> 00:30:05,976
if you can put up with the long hours

628
00:30:06,000 --> 00:30:09,306
on the road and if
you know your cb lingo.

629
00:30:09,330 --> 00:30:11,846
However, the trucker in our next story

630
00:30:11,870 --> 00:30:15,346
may have seen or heard
more than he bargained for.

631
00:30:15,370 --> 00:30:16,676
Breaker breaker one-nine,

632
00:30:16,700 --> 00:30:18,426
this is the good reverend t. Boogie here.

633
00:30:18,450 --> 00:30:22,226
Anyone out there with your
ears on, Roger and copy that.

634
00:30:22,250 --> 00:30:24,176
March 23rd, 2023.

635
00:30:24,200 --> 00:30:25,806
After a long day of driving,

636
00:30:25,830 --> 00:30:27,886
Danny Ramirez has
stopped at a truck stop

637
00:30:27,910 --> 00:30:31,176
near beaver marsh, Oregon off route 97.

638
00:30:31,200 --> 00:30:34,976
It's almost 11:00 P.M. but
after recording these sounds,

639
00:30:35,000 --> 00:30:37,426
he wonders if he wouldn't
have been better off

640
00:30:37,450 --> 00:30:39,330
if he had kept driving.

641
00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:47,074
Do you want subtitles for any video?
-=[ ai.OpenSubtitles.com ]=-

642
00:30:53,370 --> 00:30:54,676
It did spook me.

643
00:30:54,700 --> 00:30:56,226
I was scared in the video, as you can tell.

644
00:30:56,250 --> 00:30:57,976
I've stopped all over the country.

645
00:30:58,000 --> 00:31:00,886
I've heard a lot of spooky
things but nothing like that.

646
00:31:00,910 --> 00:31:02,516
Like many online,

647
00:31:02,540 --> 00:31:05,926
Danny thinks this could
be the call of a sasquatch,

648
00:31:05,950 --> 00:31:08,636
which many Americans
often call big foot,

649
00:31:08,660 --> 00:31:10,136
and he's not the only one.

650
00:31:10,160 --> 00:31:12,056
This vocalization was obtained

651
00:31:12,080 --> 00:31:14,886
right on the edge of the
umpqua national forest,

652
00:31:14,910 --> 00:31:18,136
which is thousands and
thousands of square miles of prime

653
00:31:18,160 --> 00:31:22,096
sasquatch habitat with a
long history of sighting reports.

654
00:31:22,120 --> 00:31:25,476
In fact, highway 97, the
road where this was recorded,

655
00:31:25,500 --> 00:31:28,346
traverses a particularly
secluded portion of the national

656
00:31:28,370 --> 00:31:33,016
forest with only one
isolated highway intersection.

657
00:31:33,040 --> 00:31:35,346
One might wonder why a
sasquatch would be hanging out

658
00:31:35,370 --> 00:31:38,306
around a rest stop where
clearly a lot of people go to.

659
00:31:38,330 --> 00:31:40,676
Well, there's a perfectly
good explanation for that.

660
00:31:40,700 --> 00:31:41,976
Food, right?

661
00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:43,346
The big foot is thought to be an

662
00:31:43,370 --> 00:31:46,346
opportunistic eater just
like most bears and canids,

663
00:31:46,370 --> 00:31:48,976
sharing the same traits
and scavenging for food.

664
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:51,636
Sasquatches have
actually been observed

665
00:31:51,660 --> 00:31:54,176
raiding trash cans at rest stops

666
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:57,160
along the highway
when no one else is there.

667
00:32:02,120 --> 00:32:04,926
Many researchers believe
that if big foot does exist,

668
00:32:04,950 --> 00:32:09,226
its diet might resemble
that of wolves and coyotes.

669
00:32:09,250 --> 00:32:12,306
As large predators who
are opportunistic eaters,

670
00:32:12,330 --> 00:32:14,226
these creatures aren't very picky

671
00:32:14,250 --> 00:32:18,346
and must quickly snatch
prey without scaring it off.

672
00:32:18,370 --> 00:32:20,846
Could this be why so
many big foot recordings

673
00:32:20,870 --> 00:32:23,136
feature the sound of howling canids?

674
00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:25,660
Let's check in with our experts.

675
00:32:29,500 --> 00:32:31,886
First, forensic audio analyst Rob maher

676
00:32:31,910 --> 00:32:34,386
rules out some potential local culprits.

677
00:32:34,410 --> 00:32:37,476
Here's a recording of an elk sound

678
00:32:37,500 --> 00:32:40,056
and we can see it's
actually a higher frequency

679
00:32:40,080 --> 00:32:42,370
than we observe in the howl.

680
00:32:50,700 --> 00:32:53,426
A wolf sound has the duration similar

681
00:32:53,450 --> 00:32:57,080
to what was recorded in
the truck stop recording.

682
00:33:08,290 --> 00:33:10,886
But the wolf howl is very distinctive

683
00:33:10,910 --> 00:33:13,766
and does not have the
same rising and falling

684
00:33:13,790 --> 00:33:17,266
characteristic that are present
in the truck stop recording.

685
00:33:17,290 --> 00:33:19,596
So could this be big foot?

686
00:33:19,620 --> 00:33:21,846
Biological anthropologist and anatomist

687
00:33:21,870 --> 00:33:24,250
Dr. Jeff meldrum takes a listen.

688
00:33:27,250 --> 00:33:31,176
As with many animals and
especially with higher primates,

689
00:33:31,200 --> 00:33:33,266
sasquatch seems to present

690
00:33:33,290 --> 00:33:37,176
quite a diverse repertoire of vocalizations

691
00:33:37,200 --> 00:33:40,636
and so this truck stop vocalization is not

692
00:33:40,660 --> 00:33:45,500
out of the character of various
reported sasquatch calls.

693
00:33:46,660 --> 00:33:48,096
But not so fast.

694
00:33:48,120 --> 00:33:50,306
There are a couple
segments early in the recording

695
00:33:50,330 --> 00:33:52,476
where there are these dark bands

696
00:33:52,500 --> 00:33:55,386
where the sound sort of disappears.

697
00:33:55,410 --> 00:33:58,386
That always raises some
concern about the authenticity.

698
00:33:58,410 --> 00:34:00,016
So trying to understand this,

699
00:34:00,040 --> 00:34:02,016
we did a little bit of investigation

700
00:34:02,040 --> 00:34:05,136
and found on the Internet a recording

701
00:34:05,160 --> 00:34:09,056
of various howl sounds
and these time gaps

702
00:34:09,080 --> 00:34:11,226
and the sequence of these sounds

703
00:34:11,250 --> 00:34:14,676
matches Danny's
recording virtually perfectly.

704
00:34:14,700 --> 00:34:18,226
Visually, you can see here
that everything lines up.

705
00:34:18,250 --> 00:34:20,096
The evidence here would indicate to me

706
00:34:20,120 --> 00:34:23,516
that this recording was
created by playing back

707
00:34:23,540 --> 00:34:27,700
a known recording in the
truck stop and this was a hoax.

708
00:34:38,200 --> 00:34:40,306
Don't be too disappointed, though.

709
00:34:40,330 --> 00:34:42,516
This still doesn't answer
the question of what caused

710
00:34:42,540 --> 00:34:46,096
these sounds in the recording
we discovered on the Internet.

711
00:34:46,120 --> 00:34:47,976
So how those sounds were made

712
00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:50,790
and what those indicate
still are unexplained.

713
00:35:00,870 --> 00:35:04,016
And that's a copy, good buddy
and be safe out there, okay?

714
00:35:04,040 --> 00:35:07,976
So we are calling this one a hoax.

715
00:35:08,000 --> 00:35:09,926
It's not the first time
we've seen someone

716
00:35:09,950 --> 00:35:13,476
stealing an audio sample
and it surely won't be the last.

717
00:35:13,500 --> 00:35:17,516
But we still don't know
what made the original sound.

718
00:35:17,540 --> 00:35:18,806
So who knows?

719
00:35:18,830 --> 00:35:21,136
Maybe it was a big foot.

720
00:35:21,160 --> 00:35:23,386
We won't know until
we investigate further.

721
00:35:23,410 --> 00:35:25,330
In the meantime, keep on trucking.

722
00:35:29,450 --> 00:35:31,426
The James webb space
telescope has been crucial

723
00:35:31,450 --> 00:35:33,806
in teaching us more about our universe.

724
00:35:33,830 --> 00:35:37,346
It discovered carbon dioxide
on one of Jupiter's moons

725
00:35:37,370 --> 00:35:41,226
and even water vapor on
a distant planetary system.

726
00:35:41,250 --> 00:35:44,226
But as many answers as
we've been getting, images

727
00:35:44,250 --> 00:35:48,976
like this next one raise
even more questions, literally.

728
00:35:49,000 --> 00:35:51,266
July 26th, 2023.

729
00:35:51,290 --> 00:35:53,426
The European space agency releases

730
00:35:53,450 --> 00:35:56,306
a brilliant image from
the James webb telescope

731
00:35:56,330 --> 00:36:01,426
of two young stars forming
1,470 light years away.

732
00:36:01,450 --> 00:36:05,346
Among the other cosmic
swirls and sparkles in the picture

733
00:36:05,370 --> 00:36:09,596
are objects easily recognizable
as galaxies and stars,

734
00:36:09,620 --> 00:36:13,176
and then there's one
detail that shakes the world.

735
00:36:13,200 --> 00:36:15,806
Zooming in below the
mass of forming stars,

736
00:36:15,830 --> 00:36:17,266
there's a tiny orange glow

737
00:36:17,290 --> 00:36:19,750
that is shaped like a question Mark.

738
00:36:20,750 --> 00:36:22,516
Author Jason martell explains how this

739
00:36:22,540 --> 00:36:26,136
little piece of punctuation
became a big viral hit.

740
00:36:26,160 --> 00:36:28,056
The Internet instantly began clamoring

741
00:36:28,080 --> 00:36:31,016
about this strange
object, what it could be.

742
00:36:31,040 --> 00:36:32,596
One net citizen suggested,

743
00:36:32,620 --> 00:36:34,926
"the aliens know that we found them."

744
00:36:34,950 --> 00:36:37,516
There were many people
that instantly jumped on this,

745
00:36:37,540 --> 00:36:40,516
saying it's a fake, it's
been doctored and esa,

746
00:36:40,540 --> 00:36:43,346
the European space
agency, quickly said "no,

747
00:36:43,370 --> 00:36:46,636
this is a real image and
it hasn't been doctored."

748
00:36:46,660 --> 00:36:48,306
The discovery of the question Mark

749
00:36:48,330 --> 00:36:50,346
was completely unexpected.

750
00:36:50,370 --> 00:36:52,596
Some believe it may
actually be a response

751
00:36:52,620 --> 00:36:55,766
to humanity's own space exploration.

752
00:36:55,790 --> 00:37:01,306
In 1977, NASA sent the probes
voyager 1 and 2 on missions

753
00:37:01,330 --> 00:37:04,676
to collect data on the outer
planets of our solar system.

754
00:37:04,700 --> 00:37:09,016
In 2012, voyager 1
officially left our solar system.

755
00:37:09,040 --> 00:37:10,926
Could it be someone found it?

756
00:37:10,950 --> 00:37:13,886
Our first voyager probes
included time capsules

757
00:37:13,910 --> 00:37:16,926
and it introduced
prospective extraterrestrials

758
00:37:16,950 --> 00:37:18,306
to our civilization.

759
00:37:18,330 --> 00:37:20,636
Maybe this question
Mark is their response.

760
00:37:20,660 --> 00:37:23,676
Was this perhaps put
there to catch our attention?

761
00:37:23,700 --> 00:37:25,806
While others see the possibility

762
00:37:25,830 --> 00:37:28,226
we're witnessing one
of the most mysterious

763
00:37:28,250 --> 00:37:31,056
phenomena in the universe, black holes.

764
00:37:31,080 --> 00:37:33,676
Maybe it's literally pulling the swirl

765
00:37:33,700 --> 00:37:37,226
of that galaxy into what
looks like now a question Mark

766
00:37:37,250 --> 00:37:40,306
being sucked into this
super massive black hole.

767
00:37:40,330 --> 00:37:42,386
This is something that's really unknown

768
00:37:42,410 --> 00:37:44,830
and deserves further investigation.

769
00:37:48,370 --> 00:37:50,886
According to the center for astrophysics,

770
00:37:50,910 --> 00:37:54,096
there could be as many
as 100 million black holes

771
00:37:54,120 --> 00:37:57,016
in our milky way galaxy alone.

772
00:37:57,040 --> 00:37:58,846
Could that be what we have here,

773
00:37:58,870 --> 00:38:01,846
or is there some sort of
advanced intelligence involved?

774
00:38:01,870 --> 00:38:04,870
Our experts are ready
with some answers.

775
00:38:09,000 --> 00:38:13,096
At the center of almost every
galaxy that we've ever seen,

776
00:38:13,120 --> 00:38:15,516
we see a black hole.

777
00:38:15,540 --> 00:38:19,016
But this does not look like
what a typical black hole is.

778
00:38:19,040 --> 00:38:22,886
We have images from
the event horizon telescope

779
00:38:22,910 --> 00:38:26,056
of the black hole at the
center of the milky way

780
00:38:26,080 --> 00:38:31,266
and of other black holes,
and you see this black circle

781
00:38:31,290 --> 00:38:34,516
or ellipse with an orange-ish light around

782
00:38:34,540 --> 00:38:38,306
that represents the light, the matter,

783
00:38:38,330 --> 00:38:41,056
the dust and gas that's either falling

784
00:38:41,080 --> 00:38:45,136
into the black hole or
trapped in eternal orbit of it,

785
00:38:45,160 --> 00:38:47,056
and you don't see this actually.

786
00:38:47,080 --> 00:38:51,226
A super massive black hole
cannot be question Mark-shaped.

787
00:38:51,250 --> 00:38:55,136
It can only be spherical, elliptical,

788
00:38:55,160 --> 00:38:57,176
kind of a flat elliptical shape

789
00:38:57,200 --> 00:39:00,096
if it's rotating with a
great degree of speed.

790
00:39:00,120 --> 00:39:02,176
Okay then, could it actually

791
00:39:02,200 --> 00:39:04,766
be a message from an alien civilization?

792
00:39:04,790 --> 00:39:07,176
Dr. Szydagis says the
answer to that question

793
00:39:07,200 --> 00:39:09,766
is all about time and the speed of light.

794
00:39:09,790 --> 00:39:14,886
We are looking at it as it
was billions of years ago,

795
00:39:14,910 --> 00:39:18,176
not as it looks like "now,"

796
00:39:18,200 --> 00:39:21,846
and so not only did humanity not exist,

797
00:39:21,870 --> 00:39:26,596
but any signal from
earth has not been able

798
00:39:26,620 --> 00:39:29,726
to reach these vast distances yet.

799
00:39:29,750 --> 00:39:31,886
But why does it look
like a question Mark?

800
00:39:31,910 --> 00:39:34,556
Professor kaku says in
order to solve the mystery,

801
00:39:34,580 --> 00:39:36,846
you need to think in three dimensions.

802
00:39:36,870 --> 00:39:39,176
One thing about a
two-dimensional photograph

803
00:39:39,200 --> 00:39:41,556
is you don't know how distances are.

804
00:39:41,580 --> 00:39:44,176
If you could somehow leave the earth

805
00:39:44,200 --> 00:39:46,636
and look at this from a different angle,

806
00:39:46,660 --> 00:39:50,846
perhaps the question Mark
would fall apart as a consequence.

807
00:39:50,870 --> 00:39:54,676
You would see distinct
features unrelated to each other.

808
00:39:54,700 --> 00:39:56,226
As to what those features are,

809
00:39:56,250 --> 00:39:58,596
both kaku and szydagis agree.

810
00:39:58,620 --> 00:40:00,386
The question Mark is probably

811
00:40:00,410 --> 00:40:02,976
the collision of two galaxies

812
00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:05,726
and when you put them
together from this angle,

813
00:40:05,750 --> 00:40:07,596
it looks like a question Mark.

814
00:40:07,620 --> 00:40:10,766
The twisting top part
would be the first galaxy

815
00:40:10,790 --> 00:40:13,926
and that dot on the
bottom, possibly the second.

816
00:40:13,950 --> 00:40:16,516
I'm frankly surprised we haven't found

817
00:40:16,540 --> 00:40:20,636
more question marks
because the universe is very big.

818
00:40:20,660 --> 00:40:22,516
If we look hard enough,

819
00:40:22,540 --> 00:40:26,370
we are going to find every
kind of punctuation Mark.

820
00:40:31,290 --> 00:40:34,346
Our verdict, merging galaxies.

821
00:40:34,370 --> 00:40:37,846
Sad to say, this time,
it's no alien message.

822
00:40:37,870 --> 00:40:40,426
But it is fascinating
how much we can learn

823
00:40:40,450 --> 00:40:42,266
about the universe from a fraction

824
00:40:42,290 --> 00:40:44,806
of a fraction of a single image.

825
00:40:44,830 --> 00:40:47,636
And the good news is that
there will be many more to come.

826
00:40:47,660 --> 00:40:50,386
The telescope is expected
to remain operational

827
00:40:50,410 --> 00:40:53,676
up there for at least 20 years.

828
00:40:53,700 --> 00:40:55,516
And that's our show for tonight.

829
00:40:55,540 --> 00:40:58,016
As always, thank you
so much for watching

830
00:40:58,040 --> 00:41:01,200
and remember to keep
those cameras rolling.

830
00:41:02,305 --> 00:42:02,508
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