"Mysteries at the Museum" JFK Assassination: Mysteries at the Museum Special
ID | 13178372 |
---|---|
Movie Name | "Mysteries at the Museum" JFK Assassination: Mysteries at the Museum Special |
Release Name | Mysteries.at.the.Museum.S21E26.JFK.Assassination.1080p.Travel.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-Absinth |
Year | 2018 |
Kind | tv |
Language | English |
IMDB ID | 37493515 |
Format | srt |
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It was one of the darkest days in American history.
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REPORTER: The president's car is now turning on to Elm Street,
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and it will be only a matter of minutes
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before he arrives at the Trade Mart.
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On November 22, 1963, at exactly 12:30 p.m.,
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President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas.
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REPORTER: It appears as though
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something has happened in the motorcade route.
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Something, I repeat, has happened,
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in the motorcade route.
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WILDMAN: According to the official story,
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Lee Harvey Oswald was the gunman...
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In this crevice right here was the rifle.
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...and he worked alone.
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So did Oswald really do it,
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or was he just a patsy like he said?
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WILDMAN: Now I'm looking at brand-new evidence...
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NALLI: And which direction is he moving?
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He's moving forward.
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He's moving forward.
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...and digging deep into 50-year-old files
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to shine new light
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on the most contentious event of the 20th century.
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REPORTER: The president is dead.
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WILDMAN: Is the official story even possible?
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I thought the shot came from behind.
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Was the American public sold a cover-up?
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REPORTER: He's been shot.
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Who can you believe?
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What can you believe?
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WILDMAN: My mission is to follow the facts
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wherever they take me to determine once and for all
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if the official account of the Kennedy assassination
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is truth or fiction.
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I'm Don Wildman.
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I've explored the world's greatest mysteries,
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examined rare artifacts, and epic monuments.
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That is unbelievable.
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Now I'm digging deeper into some of the most perplexing
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and famous cases in history.
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My goal -- to get closer to the truth...
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Let's burn this place down.
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Burn it down.
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...on this special episode
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of "Mysteries at the Museum: The JFK Assassination."
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In the entire written history of the United States,
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no single subject is more fiercely debated
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than the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.
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On November 22, 1963,
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while riding in an open limousine through Dallas
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with his wife and Texas Governor John Connally,
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President Kennedy was shot dead.
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Everyone agrees on that fact
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and pretty much nothing else.
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An investigative panel was formed one week
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after the assassination,
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chaired by Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
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Earl Warren.
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Its mission was to determine who killed JFK, why, and how.
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The Warren Commission pieced it all together
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and published its findings a year later back in 1964.
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The Warren Commission concluded that three shots
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were fired at the president's motorcade.
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One shot missed.
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One shot passed through both Kennedy and Governor Connally,
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and one shot hit Kennedy in the head and killed him.
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According to the Warren Report,
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all three shots were fired by one man working alone...
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Lee Harvey Oswald.
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WILDMAN: The Warren Commission rested this conclusion
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on hundreds of witness testimonies
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and thousands of pieces of evidence.
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But more than 50 years later, there are vexing questions
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surrounding some of the commission's central facts.
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So is the Warren Commission right?
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Did one lone gunman really kill the president?
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Plenty of people say, "No."
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In fact, one out of every three Americans
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believes there was a conspiracy --
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a conspiracy to kill the president
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and a conspiracy to cover it up.
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For my investigation, I'm starting right here
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where it all happened --
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Dealey Plaza.
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This is my first-ever time in Dealey Plaza.
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I mean, it seems eerily familiar.
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I've seen it in so many pictures and iconic footage.
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It's like I've been here before, right?
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WILDMAN: Today Dealey Plaza is a National Historic Landmark,
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preserved to look just as it did on the day of the assassination.
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The place is frozen in time. I mean, I have these prints.
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You can pretty much line them up exactly,
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and the whole scene just opens up in front of you.
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It's a window into the past.
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WILDMAN: But to really understand what happened here,
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I need to talk to someone who was right here that day.
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REPORTER: Something is wrong here.
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Something is terribly wrong.
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Hey. How are you?
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Hello, Pierce. Nice to meet you.
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All right. Welcome to Dallas.
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WILDMAN: Pierce Allman was program manager
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of radio station WFAA in 1963.
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So November 22, 1963, you were here.
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I was here.
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Pierce was one of the 121 witnesses in Dealey Plaza
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at the moment of the assassination.
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He's taking me back to the very place he stood --
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at the corner of Houston and Elm.
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So you were here a few moments
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before the motorcade comes, right?
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You planted yourself here? -Yep.
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I was sort of waiting because all I could hear
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from downtown were these cheers.
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Yeah.
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WILDMAN: The plan called for a parade through the city
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from downtown to Dealey Plaza and ending with a speech
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just outside of town at the Dallas Trade Mart.
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So then the car turns the corner.
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Describe what happens. What did you see?
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When they came down, in that one brief moment
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when they were there, and they looked so great.
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They just radiated.
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They connected, and I got so carried away, I even said,
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"Hey. Welcome to Dallas, Mr. President,"
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and that glimpse right there was the last of them that way.
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You saw them the last moment of the Kennedy magic.
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That's true.
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Because the moment they turned the corner...
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that's -- that's when the first sound hit.
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And that's a sound you never forget.
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It was loud -- it was a big sound.
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I thought, "My God, did somebody bring firecrackers?"
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Mm-hmm.
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The car had been right here
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for that first shot, and then it had gone, you know,
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just a few feet further, and then the second shot.
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It sort of settled in, "Okay.
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These are shots, and they're shooting at the president,"
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but I couldn't tell on the second shot if he was hit.
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Mm-hmm.
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He went sort of like that,
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but he didn't topple, and he didn't slump.
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Right.
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I was glancing just a real quick eye-survey of the crowd,
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and when I swung back...
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WILDMAN: The president lurched violently.
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The first lady climbed partway out onto the trunk
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in a state of shock.
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A Secret Service agent dove aboard the limousine
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just before it vanished beneath the underpass.
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It was exactly 12:30 p.m. Central Time.
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The whole thing had happened in less than 30 seconds.
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So, Pierce, where did the shots come from?
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In front, straight in front of me and up.
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-Right there? -Yes.
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Sixth floor, open window.
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Yes. Yes.
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WILDMAN: But Pierce's story doesn't end there.
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Those early minutes were full of confusion.
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I had no idea what condition the president was in.
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Yeah.
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A young couple was lying on the grass shielding their children
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just feet from where the president had been shot.
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Pierce ran to them.
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When I asked him if he was okay, he said, "Yeah,
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but they got the president.
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They blew the side of his head in."
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If what he saw was true, then that would mean
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that the president could be dead,
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and if that's so, my thought was,
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"Oh, my God. I've got to find a phone."
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Mm-hmm.
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Pierce was not only a spectator.
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He was also a journalist.
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He needed to call his station and get on the air.
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There were no cell phones in 1963,
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so he ran to the nearest building --
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the Texas School Book Depository.
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-Where the shots came from? -Yes.
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WILDMAN: And that's where Pierce had his second brush with history.
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There's a guy standing in the door, sort of open,
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and I asked him where a phone was, and he said, "In there."
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Pierce remained on the air for nearly 40 minutes,
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but only later would he learn the identity
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of that man he met in the doorway.
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Secret Service called and said,
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"Are you familiar with the testimony of Lee Oswald
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following his arrest?"
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I said, "No."
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They said, "Well, he states that as he was leaving
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the depository building,
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a young man with a crew cut rushed up
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and identified himself as a newsman
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and asked where a phone was."
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Wow.
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Pierce's eyewitness account fully supports
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the Warren Commission's findings.
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He believes three shots came from the sixth floor
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of the Texas School Book Depository,
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and he now believes he ran into Lee Harvey Oswald
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exiting that building immediately after.
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So what do the police find inside?
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-Stephen? -Hi, Don.
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Welcome to the Sixth Floor. -Nice to meet you.
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-Thanks a lot. -Glad to have you here.
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WILDMAN: In 1963, the sixth floor of
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the Texas School Book Depository was a warehouse.
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Lee Harvey Oswald worked here as a clerk
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boxing up book orders.
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Today it's the Sixth Floor Museum,
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a chronicle of JFK's life and his tragic death.
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And my tour guide is the museum's curator, Stephen Fagin.
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Oh, there it is.
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Oh, that's crazy. Look at that.
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So try to imagine for a moment it's 1:12 p.m.,
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about 45 minutes after the assassination.
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-Yeah. -And Luke Mooney,
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a Dallas County deputy sheriff, is one of several officers
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searching the building floor by floor,
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and he comes across this space in the southeast corner.
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And so he peered over the tops of those boxes there
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and essentially discovered the sniper's perch.
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Mm-hmm.
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All right. Well, this is the raised window there
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in the southeast corner. -Well, there you go.
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Wow. There it is. That is so eerie.
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There were three empty rifle shells found here on the floor.
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Two close to the brick ledge
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and then one close to this stack of boxes here.
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I mean, you're looking right down
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into Dealey Plaza right there.
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That is where you want to be if you're gonna take a shot.
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Man.
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WILDMAN: On the other end of the floor next to the only way downstairs,
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investigators discovered more evidence.
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And very close to the stairwell,
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in this crevice right here, was the rifle.
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This rifle?
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Is this the actual one?
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The original weapon is in the National Archives today,
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but this is an identical rifle.
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This is a 6.5mm Mannlicher-Carcano
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military surplus rifle,
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and on top is a Japanese-made 4x optical scope.
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A sniper's rifle.
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WILDMAN: The police would ultimately link
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that rifle to Oswald in several different ways,
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including the testimony of his wife and a palm print.
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But like everything in this case,
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there are nagging questions about all of it.
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So is that rifle the smoking gun of the Warren Report,
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or is it the keystone to the most nefarious
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and elaborate conspiracy in American history?
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WILDMAN: November 22, 1963, 1:00 p.m. Dallas time.
257
00:12:44,698 --> 00:12:48,099
REPORTER: The President of the United States is dead.
258
00:12:48,101 --> 00:12:49,568
It's official now.
259
00:12:49,570 --> 00:12:53,372
President Kennedy has been assassinated.
260
00:12:53,374 --> 00:12:56,574
WILDMAN: From coast to coast, a horrified nation tuned in
261
00:12:56,576 --> 00:12:59,844
to the unfolding nightmare in Dallas.
262
00:12:59,846 --> 00:13:02,513
But even as the shocking news of Kennedy's death
263
00:13:02,515 --> 00:13:05,584
was breaking, the investigation into his murder
264
00:13:05,586 --> 00:13:08,987
was well underway.
265
00:13:08,989 --> 00:13:12,256
At the center of any homicide investigation
266
00:13:12,258 --> 00:13:15,060
is the murder weapon, and this one is no different.
267
00:13:15,062 --> 00:13:18,529
A Mannlicher-Carcano rifle was found on the sixth floor
268
00:13:18,531 --> 00:13:20,465
of the Texas School Book Depository
269
00:13:20,467 --> 00:13:23,001
immediately after the assassination.
270
00:13:23,003 --> 00:13:24,736
WILDMAN: The building was quickly sealed
271
00:13:24,738 --> 00:13:27,338
and its employees gathered for a head count.
272
00:13:27,340 --> 00:13:30,342
Lee Harvey Oswald was missing.
273
00:13:30,344 --> 00:13:33,812
Oswald's description went out over police radio.
274
00:13:33,814 --> 00:13:35,480
30 minutes later,
275
00:13:35,482 --> 00:13:40,151
he was spotted 3 miles away by police officer J.D. Tippit.
276
00:13:40,153 --> 00:13:42,286
As two eyewitnesses looked on,
277
00:13:42,288 --> 00:13:46,224
Oswald drew a revolver and shot Tippit dead.
278
00:13:46,226 --> 00:13:49,093
He was arrested minutes later in a movie theater.
279
00:14:00,440 --> 00:14:02,507
This unassuming little house
280
00:14:02,509 --> 00:14:06,244
was one of the very first stops in the JFK investigation.
281
00:14:06,246 --> 00:14:08,580
Within an hour of Oswald's arrest,
282
00:14:08,582 --> 00:14:10,982
this place was crawling with detectives.
283
00:14:14,654 --> 00:14:16,388
-Hello? -Come in.
284
00:14:16,390 --> 00:14:17,789
How you doing? I'm Don.
285
00:14:17,791 --> 00:14:19,124
Nice to meet you. Welcome to the Ruth Paine House.
286
00:14:19,126 --> 00:14:20,925
Thank you so much.
287
00:14:20,927 --> 00:14:22,794
WILDMAN: Ruth Paine was a single mom
288
00:14:22,796 --> 00:14:25,597
raising her kids here in this house.
289
00:14:25,599 --> 00:14:27,198
Her home has been carefully restored
290
00:14:27,200 --> 00:14:30,067
to look as it did in 1963.
291
00:14:30,069 --> 00:14:32,337
But it wasn't Ruth who the Dallas police
292
00:14:32,339 --> 00:14:34,071
wanted to talk to. -Oh, man.
293
00:14:34,073 --> 00:14:37,275
It is really a time capsule in here.
294
00:14:37,277 --> 00:14:39,544
Ruth and Marina spent a lot of time here.
295
00:14:39,546 --> 00:14:41,680
Marina is Lee Harvey Oswald's wife,
296
00:14:41,682 --> 00:14:43,014
Marina Oswald. -Yes.
297
00:14:43,016 --> 00:14:44,616
So she was living here, but Lee wasn't?
298
00:14:44,618 --> 00:14:46,617
Correct.
299
00:14:46,619 --> 00:14:47,952
WILDMAN: Lee and Marina's marriage
300
00:14:47,954 --> 00:14:50,622
was not your typical American love story.
301
00:14:50,624 --> 00:14:53,358
It wasn't even an American story.
302
00:14:53,360 --> 00:14:56,761
They met in 1961 in the Soviet Union.
303
00:14:56,763 --> 00:14:58,697
Marina was born there.
304
00:14:58,699 --> 00:15:02,700
Lee had moved there with the goal of defecting.
305
00:15:02,702 --> 00:15:04,903
This was the height of the Cold War.
306
00:15:04,905 --> 00:15:07,706
Russia was the enemy, and Lee had just gotten
307
00:15:07,708 --> 00:15:10,374
out of a 3-year stint in the Marines.
308
00:15:10,376 --> 00:15:13,244
He knew this was a drastic step,
309
00:15:13,246 --> 00:15:16,314
but Lee had a history of acting out for attention.
310
00:15:16,316 --> 00:15:18,316
At 16, he dropped out of high school,
311
00:15:18,318 --> 00:15:20,251
started reading Communist articles
312
00:15:20,253 --> 00:15:22,587
and labeled himself a Marxist.
313
00:15:22,589 --> 00:15:24,589
But except for marrying Marina,
314
00:15:24,591 --> 00:15:27,859
his life in Communist Russia never amounted to much.
315
00:15:27,861 --> 00:15:33,265
So in 1962, he and Marina started over in Texas.
316
00:15:33,267 --> 00:15:34,800
Their marriage was a little rocky.
317
00:15:34,802 --> 00:15:36,400
They both had tempers.
318
00:15:36,402 --> 00:15:39,671
They both argued a lot, a lot of bickering, a lot of fighting.
319
00:15:39,673 --> 00:15:42,407
That was one of the reasons, I think, that they lived apart.
320
00:15:42,409 --> 00:15:44,141
Did Lee ever come over here?
321
00:15:44,143 --> 00:15:45,677
Lee would come over on the weekends.
322
00:15:45,679 --> 00:15:47,746
He would arrive on Friday afternoon
323
00:15:47,748 --> 00:15:49,347
and stay until Monday morning.
324
00:15:49,349 --> 00:15:52,750
But Thursday, November 21, 1963,
325
00:15:52,752 --> 00:15:55,487
the night before the assassination, he spends here.
326
00:15:55,489 --> 00:15:58,023
Yes. It was very unusual.
327
00:15:58,025 --> 00:16:01,225
Ruth came home, and she was very surprised to find him here.
328
00:16:01,227 --> 00:16:04,229
Because he had never spent a Thursday night here before?
329
00:16:04,231 --> 00:16:06,097
He had never spent a weeknight here before.
330
00:16:06,099 --> 00:16:07,165
Oh.
331
00:16:10,436 --> 00:16:11,836
WILDMAN: By Friday afternoon,
332
00:16:11,838 --> 00:16:14,306
Dallas detectives were at Ruth Paine's door
333
00:16:14,308 --> 00:16:16,707
with a pile of questions for Marina.
334
00:16:20,447 --> 00:16:21,913
Oh, wow.
335
00:16:21,915 --> 00:16:24,249
This is the garage.
336
00:16:24,251 --> 00:16:25,984
Lee stored most of his possessions
337
00:16:25,986 --> 00:16:30,121
here in Ruth's garage, but it was what wasn't here
338
00:16:30,123 --> 00:16:33,058
that turned out to be the biggest clue.
339
00:16:33,060 --> 00:16:35,393
They asked Ruth if there were any firearms in the house,
340
00:16:35,395 --> 00:16:37,195
and she immediately said, "No." -Right.
341
00:16:37,197 --> 00:16:39,264
And they said, "Well, can you ask her?"
342
00:16:39,266 --> 00:16:42,066
So she turned to Marina, who didn't speak any English,
343
00:16:42,068 --> 00:16:44,869
and asked Marina if there were guns, and Marina said,
344
00:16:44,871 --> 00:16:46,938
"Yes, there's a long rifle in the garage."
345
00:16:46,940 --> 00:16:48,739
-She knew about the weapon? -She knew.
346
00:16:48,741 --> 00:16:50,075
And so they come out here.
347
00:16:50,077 --> 00:16:52,611
They came out here, and Marina pointed at this rug.
348
00:16:52,613 --> 00:16:58,016
Okay, and the police pick it up, and, ooh, no rifle.
349
00:16:58,018 --> 00:17:02,954
WILDMAN: The investigators believe the pieces were falling into place.
350
00:17:02,956 --> 00:17:04,956
They now knew that Lee Harvey Oswald
351
00:17:04,958 --> 00:17:08,093
showed up here unexpectedly on a Thursday night,
352
00:17:08,095 --> 00:17:10,161
and his rifle went missing.
353
00:17:10,163 --> 00:17:13,164
The very next day, the President of the United States
354
00:17:13,166 --> 00:17:16,034
was shot outside Oswald's workplace,
355
00:17:16,036 --> 00:17:18,036
where a rifle was found,
356
00:17:18,038 --> 00:17:23,508
and it wasn't long before Dallas PD uncovered even more evidence.
357
00:17:23,510 --> 00:17:26,511
The Dallas Police Department found Lee Harvey Oswald's
358
00:17:26,513 --> 00:17:30,048
palm print on the rifle at the crime scene,
359
00:17:30,050 --> 00:17:31,850
so slam dunk, right?
360
00:17:31,852 --> 00:17:34,920
Well, that palm print has been knocked by conspiracy theorists
361
00:17:34,922 --> 00:17:37,922
ever since as planted evidence.
362
00:17:37,924 --> 00:17:40,524
WILDMAN: Many people believe that Oswald's palm print
363
00:17:40,526 --> 00:17:43,662
was placed on the gun after the fact,
364
00:17:43,664 --> 00:17:45,329
after Oswald was dead.
365
00:17:45,331 --> 00:17:46,531
How are you doing, Larry?
366
00:17:46,533 --> 00:17:48,199
Hey, Don.
367
00:17:48,201 --> 00:17:50,735
So why is there so much controversy
368
00:17:50,737 --> 00:17:54,339
around such a key piece of evidence?
369
00:17:54,341 --> 00:17:55,606
All right. Into your lab.
370
00:17:55,608 --> 00:17:57,074
Oh, yes.
371
00:17:57,076 --> 00:17:59,343
So how does a fingerprint actually get made?
372
00:17:59,345 --> 00:18:02,213
Well, see the body secretes salts,
373
00:18:02,215 --> 00:18:05,416
sweats and body fluids through the tips of your fingers
374
00:18:05,418 --> 00:18:08,620
and the palms of your hands, soles of your feet.
375
00:18:08,622 --> 00:18:11,088
WILDMAN: Larry Peters has been examining fingerprints
376
00:18:11,090 --> 00:18:13,624
for more than 50 years.
377
00:18:13,626 --> 00:18:14,960
So here is the thing.
378
00:18:14,962 --> 00:18:19,364
November 22, 1963, the Dallas Police Department
379
00:18:19,366 --> 00:18:22,100
pull a palm print off of the rifle
380
00:18:22,102 --> 00:18:23,034
they found at
381
00:18:23,036 --> 00:18:24,502
the School Book Depository. -Mm-hmm.
382
00:18:24,504 --> 00:18:27,305
That rifle then goes to Washington, D.C.,
383
00:18:27,307 --> 00:18:28,906
to the FBI crime lab. -Mm-hmm.
384
00:18:28,908 --> 00:18:30,642
And they do the same. They dust the whole rifle.
385
00:18:30,644 --> 00:18:32,510
They find nothing at all.
386
00:18:32,512 --> 00:18:36,381
Then a week later, the Dallas Police Department announced
387
00:18:36,383 --> 00:18:39,718
that they have Oswald's palm print from that rifle.
388
00:18:39,720 --> 00:18:42,253
I don't understand how that's possible.
389
00:18:42,255 --> 00:18:45,990
WILDMAN: If Dallas PD lifted a print from the gun on Friday,
390
00:18:45,992 --> 00:18:49,461
why couldn't the FBI find it on Saturday?
391
00:18:49,463 --> 00:18:54,065
And then, how could Dallas produce it one whole week later?
392
00:18:54,067 --> 00:18:56,867
Larry says it makes perfect sense
393
00:18:56,869 --> 00:18:58,670
but only if you understand fingerprint
394
00:18:58,672 --> 00:19:01,206
lifting methods from that time.
395
00:19:01,208 --> 00:19:02,873
Let me show you my fingerprinting kit,
396
00:19:02,875 --> 00:19:06,343
and this kit right here is from the '60s.
397
00:19:06,345 --> 00:19:07,879
We used... -There you go.
398
00:19:07,881 --> 00:19:08,946
...black powder.
399
00:19:08,948 --> 00:19:11,082
Then we have the fingerprint tape
400
00:19:11,084 --> 00:19:13,551
that we would have used back during that era.
401
00:19:13,553 --> 00:19:16,554
These are different styles of fingerprint brushes.
402
00:19:16,556 --> 00:19:18,956
So can I make a palm print on this,
403
00:19:18,958 --> 00:19:20,425
and can we find my palm print?
404
00:19:20,427 --> 00:19:22,827
Yeah. You bet.
405
00:19:22,829 --> 00:19:25,830
WILDMAN: This metal rod will stand in as our gun barrel.
406
00:19:25,832 --> 00:19:27,565
Go ahead and put some gloves on.
407
00:19:27,567 --> 00:19:30,835
I'll take the lid off for you.
408
00:19:30,837 --> 00:19:31,769
Okay.
409
00:19:31,771 --> 00:19:33,438
Here's the fingerprint brush.
410
00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:34,839
Okay.
411
00:19:34,841 --> 00:19:36,107
You'll just dip it in there, and, okay,
412
00:19:36,109 --> 00:19:37,709
now then just kind of tap it off,
413
00:19:37,711 --> 00:19:39,177
and the print is going to be in that area...
414
00:19:39,179 --> 00:19:42,647
Black powder is made mostly of finely ground carbon.
415
00:19:42,649 --> 00:19:44,716
It sticks to the invisible oils left
416
00:19:44,718 --> 00:19:47,318
on a surface by a finger or palm.
417
00:19:47,320 --> 00:19:48,652
Oh, yeah.
418
00:19:48,654 --> 00:19:51,389
There she is, right there.
419
00:19:51,391 --> 00:19:56,060
Once the print is visible, it's photographed in place.
420
00:19:56,062 --> 00:19:58,863
Then you would take the tape dispenser.
421
00:19:58,865 --> 00:20:02,533
Then the print is carefully covered with lifting tape.
422
00:20:02,535 --> 00:20:06,004
Start at one end and just go right down the middle of it.
423
00:20:06,006 --> 00:20:07,205
There you go. Okay.
424
00:20:07,207 --> 00:20:09,206
That looks pretty good.
425
00:20:09,208 --> 00:20:10,808
Then pull on one end.
426
00:20:14,147 --> 00:20:15,413
Catch the other end, though,
427
00:20:15,415 --> 00:20:18,750
because it'll want to curl on you a little bit.
428
00:20:18,752 --> 00:20:20,084
Okay.
429
00:20:20,086 --> 00:20:22,220
So that is a successful palm print, huh?
430
00:20:22,222 --> 00:20:25,190
That's a successful palm print removal.
431
00:20:27,227 --> 00:20:29,360
So when you say lifting that print,
432
00:20:29,362 --> 00:20:31,696
you are literally removing it from the surface.
433
00:20:31,698 --> 00:20:32,630
Exactly. Yeah.
434
00:20:32,632 --> 00:20:33,898
-Okay. -Yeah.
435
00:20:33,900 --> 00:20:36,634
So that gun, that rifle that goes to D.C.,
436
00:20:36,636 --> 00:20:38,770
and those FBI guys that go to dust
437
00:20:38,772 --> 00:20:40,304
this down, they find nothing.
438
00:20:40,306 --> 00:20:41,973
They found nothing because it's already been removed.
439
00:20:41,975 --> 00:20:44,242
Gotcha. I totally understand.
440
00:20:44,244 --> 00:20:45,910
Wow.
441
00:20:49,048 --> 00:20:55,186
WILDMAN: Saturday, November 23, 1963, Dallas Police Headquarters.
442
00:20:55,188 --> 00:20:57,455
Detectives confronted Lee Harvey Oswald
443
00:20:57,457 --> 00:21:00,258
with the mounting evidence against him.
444
00:21:00,260 --> 00:21:03,128
Oswald said he was utterly innocent.
445
00:21:03,130 --> 00:21:06,197
He said the evidence had been fabricated.
446
00:21:06,199 --> 00:21:09,000
He said he was just a patsy.
447
00:21:09,002 --> 00:21:11,068
The police were unmoved.
448
00:21:11,070 --> 00:21:14,138
On that very day, Lee Oswald was charged
449
00:21:14,140 --> 00:21:17,274
with the assassination of President Kennedy,
450
00:21:17,276 --> 00:21:20,945
but he would never stand trial.
451
00:21:20,947 --> 00:21:24,883
On Sunday, November 24, 1963,
452
00:21:24,885 --> 00:21:29,086
live TV cameras switched on to cover Oswald's transfer
453
00:21:29,088 --> 00:21:32,223
from police headquarters to a more secure jail.
454
00:21:45,705 --> 00:21:47,238
WILDMAN: Lee Harvey Oswald,
455
00:21:47,240 --> 00:21:50,174
the most high-profile criminal in the nation,
456
00:21:50,176 --> 00:21:54,778
had been shot in police custody and for all the world to see.
457
00:21:54,780 --> 00:21:57,916
He died an hour later.
458
00:21:57,918 --> 00:21:59,651
The gunman was Jack Ruby,
459
00:21:59,653 --> 00:22:03,521
a local nightclub owner who managed to slip into the crowd.
460
00:22:03,523 --> 00:22:06,057
He was arrested on the spot.
461
00:22:06,059 --> 00:22:08,525
Less than 2 days after President Kennedy
462
00:22:08,527 --> 00:22:12,330
had been assassinated, the only suspect was dead.
463
00:22:12,332 --> 00:22:14,933
Was it just the inflamed emotions of that weekend,
464
00:22:14,935 --> 00:22:17,735
or was there something more sinister going on?
465
00:22:17,737 --> 00:22:20,071
Had Lee Harvey Oswald been silenced
466
00:22:20,073 --> 00:22:22,941
to protect a vast conspiracy?
467
00:22:37,557 --> 00:22:39,290
WILDMAN: Lee Harvey Oswald,
468
00:22:39,292 --> 00:22:43,394
the prime suspect in the JFK assassination, was dead.
469
00:22:51,170 --> 00:22:53,103
He would never stand trial,
470
00:22:53,105 --> 00:22:57,775
but the investigation had only just begun.
471
00:22:57,777 --> 00:22:59,911
By the time of Oswald's death,
472
00:22:59,913 --> 00:23:02,180
detectives had linked him to the rifle found
473
00:23:02,182 --> 00:23:05,983
on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository,
474
00:23:05,985 --> 00:23:08,252
but that was only half the job.
475
00:23:08,254 --> 00:23:11,322
The question remained -- Did that rifle fire
476
00:23:11,324 --> 00:23:13,791
the bullets that killed JFK?
477
00:23:22,068 --> 00:23:24,135
WASHINGTON: Lee Harvey Oswald, in my research,
478
00:23:24,137 --> 00:23:26,004
he was only a patsy.
479
00:23:26,006 --> 00:23:28,406
He was only a fall guy.
480
00:23:28,408 --> 00:23:30,007
WILDMAN: Today in Dealey Plaza,
481
00:23:30,009 --> 00:23:33,677
it's not hard to find dissenting opinions.
482
00:23:33,679 --> 00:23:36,080
Lee Harvey Oswald was only a decoy
483
00:23:36,082 --> 00:23:38,950
to draw the attention away from the gunman
484
00:23:38,952 --> 00:23:42,020
behind the wooden picket fence on the grassy knoll,
485
00:23:42,022 --> 00:23:45,223
which is where the shots actually come from.
486
00:23:45,225 --> 00:23:47,558
It's the biggest conspiracy of all time.
487
00:23:48,828 --> 00:23:54,031
WILDMAN: Conspiracy is the undying legacy of the Kennedy assassination.
488
00:23:54,033 --> 00:23:55,566
There are many people out there
489
00:23:55,568 --> 00:24:00,104
with many different theories on who really killed JFK,
490
00:24:00,106 --> 00:24:05,776
but they mostly share the belief that Oswald did not do it alone.
491
00:24:05,778 --> 00:24:07,511
It's easy to see why.
492
00:24:07,513 --> 00:24:09,647
There are some strange circumstances
493
00:24:09,649 --> 00:24:12,316
surrounding those gunshots.
494
00:24:12,318 --> 00:24:15,719
So I've asked Stephen Fagin from the Sixth Floor Museum
495
00:24:15,721 --> 00:24:17,855
to help explain it all.
496
00:24:17,857 --> 00:24:19,590
Okay. So let's recap.
497
00:24:19,592 --> 00:24:20,992
Okay.
498
00:24:20,994 --> 00:24:22,926
The Warren Commission concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald
499
00:24:22,928 --> 00:24:24,395
was the lone gunman,
500
00:24:24,397 --> 00:24:26,930
that he shot at the president from that window up there,
501
00:24:26,932 --> 00:24:28,266
and he fired three shots.
502
00:24:28,268 --> 00:24:29,400
Three shots, that's right.
503
00:24:29,402 --> 00:24:30,735
One shot misses the car.
504
00:24:30,737 --> 00:24:32,003
One shot is the fatal shot
505
00:24:32,005 --> 00:24:33,471
that strikes the president in the head,
506
00:24:33,473 --> 00:24:35,739
and that leaves one shot to account for seven wounds
507
00:24:35,741 --> 00:24:36,741
between the two men.
508
00:24:36,743 --> 00:24:38,342
The so-called magic bullet.
509
00:24:38,344 --> 00:24:40,011
Right.
510
00:24:44,150 --> 00:24:45,550
WILDMAN: President Kennedy was sitting
511
00:24:45,552 --> 00:24:48,619
behind Governor Connally in the limousine.
512
00:24:48,621 --> 00:24:50,354
According to the Warren Report,
513
00:24:50,356 --> 00:24:52,957
a single bullet passed through both men
514
00:24:52,959 --> 00:24:55,960
and caused multiple wounds,
515
00:24:55,962 --> 00:24:59,563
but many people claim that the path of this supposed bullet
516
00:24:59,565 --> 00:25:01,966
is physically impossible.
517
00:25:01,968 --> 00:25:05,502
If that shot was impossible for one man to make,
518
00:25:05,504 --> 00:25:08,239
then there must have been a second shooter.
519
00:25:08,241 --> 00:25:11,042
Wow. Look at that. It's the Kennedy limousine.
520
00:25:11,044 --> 00:25:12,176
FAGIN: It is a beautiful car.
521
00:25:12,178 --> 00:25:13,444
Of course, this is a replica.
522
00:25:13,446 --> 00:25:14,711
Okay.
523
00:25:14,713 --> 00:25:16,581
This is the one that was used in Oliver Stone's "JFK."
524
00:25:16,583 --> 00:25:18,182
-No kidding? -Yeah.
525
00:25:18,184 --> 00:25:22,253
WILDMAN: The actual Kennedy limo was altered after the assassination.
526
00:25:22,255 --> 00:25:24,989
This car was built to the exact specifications
527
00:25:24,991 --> 00:25:27,191
of the real thing.
528
00:25:27,193 --> 00:25:29,860
Don, the key to understanding the single-bullet theory
529
00:25:29,862 --> 00:25:31,362
is really this limousine.
530
00:25:31,364 --> 00:25:33,597
-Why is that? -Let me show you this.
531
00:25:33,599 --> 00:25:36,934
So this is how the single-bullet theory
532
00:25:36,936 --> 00:25:39,203
is so-often presented in the literature.
533
00:25:39,205 --> 00:25:40,538
Okay. That's a diagram I have seen
534
00:25:40,540 --> 00:25:42,406
a thousand times... -Right.
535
00:25:42,408 --> 00:25:43,941
...showing that this bullet
536
00:25:43,943 --> 00:25:46,744
somehow erratically goes this way, this way, this way.
537
00:25:46,746 --> 00:25:48,279
It zigzags all over the place,
538
00:25:48,281 --> 00:25:51,348
through two different bodies magically.
539
00:25:51,350 --> 00:25:55,285
WILDMAN: Based on the locations of the seven wounds in the two men,
540
00:25:55,287 --> 00:25:57,888
conspiracy theorists say a single bullet
541
00:25:57,890 --> 00:26:02,493
would need to make several turns in midair.
542
00:26:02,495 --> 00:26:03,828
Now, look at this.
543
00:26:03,830 --> 00:26:06,763
Kennedy and Connally are at the exact same level,
544
00:26:06,765 --> 00:26:08,900
and they're both facing forward. -Right?
545
00:26:08,902 --> 00:26:11,301
The reality was quite different. Okay.
546
00:26:11,303 --> 00:26:12,970
Let's take a look inside the car.
547
00:26:15,575 --> 00:26:17,241
What do you see? -Well, I can see right away.
548
00:26:17,243 --> 00:26:19,643
So the jump seats, that's where Connally is sitting, right?
549
00:26:19,645 --> 00:26:21,045
-Right. -He's much lower.
550
00:26:21,047 --> 00:26:22,913
Yeah. Connally was 3 inches
551
00:26:22,915 --> 00:26:25,516
lower and 6 inches further in than President Kennedy,
552
00:26:25,518 --> 00:26:28,386
and that totally changes the trajectory.
553
00:26:28,388 --> 00:26:31,255
WILDMAN: We've asked two models to sit in the car in Kennedy
554
00:26:31,257 --> 00:26:33,324
and Connally's seats.
555
00:26:33,326 --> 00:26:36,460
Stephen will pose them as the men were actually positioned
556
00:26:36,462 --> 00:26:39,596
based on photos and film of that moment.
557
00:26:39,598 --> 00:26:40,664
Here you are.
558
00:26:40,666 --> 00:26:43,934
Kennedy and Connally. All right.
559
00:26:43,936 --> 00:26:45,002
So here we have
560
00:26:45,004 --> 00:26:46,604
President Kennedy and Governor Connally.
561
00:26:46,606 --> 00:26:47,872
-Good. -So President Kennedy is
562
00:26:47,874 --> 00:26:50,140
all the way over here with his arm up on the car.
563
00:26:50,142 --> 00:26:52,743
Governor Connally is turned slightly in his seat this way,
564
00:26:52,745 --> 00:26:54,478
as if he's looking towards the president.
565
00:26:54,480 --> 00:26:56,280
He's reacting to the shot, right?
566
00:26:56,282 --> 00:26:58,216
FAGIN: Yeah, he seems to be turning around
567
00:26:58,218 --> 00:27:00,885
as if he's heard a noise, and you've got your Stetson hat
568
00:27:00,887 --> 00:27:02,286
right in front of you just like that.
569
00:27:02,288 --> 00:27:04,688
So this is basically the way they were configured.
570
00:27:04,690 --> 00:27:05,956
If you'll hold this for a moment,
571
00:27:05,958 --> 00:27:07,024
we'll talk about the wounds.
572
00:27:07,026 --> 00:27:09,827
So we have an entry wound here
573
00:27:09,829 --> 00:27:11,895
in President Kennedy's upper back,
574
00:27:11,897 --> 00:27:14,866
exiting underneath his Adam's apple here,
575
00:27:14,868 --> 00:27:16,167
and then in Governor Connally,
576
00:27:16,169 --> 00:27:18,836
we have a wound here, about his right shoulder,
577
00:27:18,838 --> 00:27:21,105
and then once you get there, it traverses his chest
578
00:27:21,107 --> 00:27:23,574
and hits his fifth rib, and so from there,
579
00:27:23,576 --> 00:27:25,776
the trajectory can change a little bit.
580
00:27:25,778 --> 00:27:29,046
Exiting below his nipple here, striking his wrist,
581
00:27:29,048 --> 00:27:30,448
exiting palm-side
582
00:27:30,450 --> 00:27:32,917
and then a very shallow wound in his left thigh there.
583
00:27:32,919 --> 00:27:35,586
Seven wounds between these two men.
584
00:27:35,588 --> 00:27:38,256
Okay. So let's look at the trajectory here.
585
00:27:38,258 --> 00:27:39,790
So rough approximation,
586
00:27:39,792 --> 00:27:41,992
Jack Kennedy was a little taller than our model here.
587
00:27:41,994 --> 00:27:44,861
So basically this is the entry wound roughly right here.
588
00:27:44,863 --> 00:27:46,196
Yeah.
589
00:27:46,198 --> 00:27:48,599
And then we can approximate the path of the bullet,
590
00:27:48,601 --> 00:27:50,601
extending outward towards
591
00:27:50,603 --> 00:27:55,139
Connally and entering him right around approximately there.
592
00:27:55,141 --> 00:27:57,341
Hits a rib and then continue on,
593
00:27:57,343 --> 00:27:59,343
hitting the wrist and then into the thigh.
594
00:27:59,345 --> 00:28:04,148
There's no zigging or zagging necessary, so no magic bullet.
595
00:28:06,152 --> 00:28:08,686
WILDMAN: By placing the two men in their correct positions
596
00:28:08,688 --> 00:28:12,690
in the limousine, the bullet wounds line up.
597
00:28:12,692 --> 00:28:16,893
Kennedy and Connally could have been hit by the same shot.
598
00:28:16,895 --> 00:28:19,830
But if all three shots were fired by Oswald
599
00:28:19,832 --> 00:28:23,033
from behind the limo, why did some witnesses believe
600
00:28:23,035 --> 00:28:26,370
the fatal head shot came from in front?
601
00:28:26,372 --> 00:28:30,040
And why does the most infamous film of the assassination
602
00:28:30,042 --> 00:28:34,445
show the president lurching backward and to the left?
603
00:28:34,447 --> 00:28:39,383
So did Oswald act alone, or was there a second shooter?
604
00:28:52,732 --> 00:28:55,199
WILDMAN: President Kennedy was murdered in public.
605
00:28:57,403 --> 00:28:59,470
He was gunned down in broad daylight
606
00:28:59,472 --> 00:29:05,342
in a wide-open space in front of 121 eyewitnesses,
607
00:29:05,344 --> 00:29:08,212
and they don't all agree on what happened.
608
00:29:08,214 --> 00:29:11,682
Some believe Lee Harvey Oswald could have acted alone.
609
00:29:11,684 --> 00:29:16,086
Others believe there must have been a second shooter.
610
00:29:16,088 --> 00:29:17,688
Bill Newman and his family
611
00:29:17,690 --> 00:29:20,358
were just 10 feet away from the president
612
00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:23,360
at the moment of the fatal head shot.
613
00:29:23,362 --> 00:29:25,696
Today I'm getting a chance to speak with him
614
00:29:25,698 --> 00:29:27,632
at the very same spot.
615
00:29:27,634 --> 00:29:29,700
Tell me what you saw.
616
00:29:29,702 --> 00:29:32,503
Well, I recall seeing the president's car
617
00:29:32,505 --> 00:29:36,240
turn left off of Houston Street on to Elm,
618
00:29:36,242 --> 00:29:38,575
coming down the middle lane,
619
00:29:38,577 --> 00:29:41,511
and as it got within about 100 feet or so,
620
00:29:41,513 --> 00:29:43,113
the first two shots rang out.
621
00:29:49,055 --> 00:29:51,421
I thought somebody had thrown a couple of firecrackers
622
00:29:51,423 --> 00:29:53,256
beside the president's car. -Right.
623
00:29:53,258 --> 00:29:54,992
But as the car got closer to us,
624
00:29:54,994 --> 00:29:56,727
you could tell something was wrong.
625
00:29:56,729 --> 00:29:58,662
And then the car is right in front of you?
626
00:29:58,664 --> 00:29:59,663
It is.
627
00:29:59,665 --> 00:30:01,198
It's straight out in front of us,
628
00:30:01,200 --> 00:30:03,601
and just as President Kennedy gets in front of us,
629
00:30:03,603 --> 00:30:05,202
a third shot rings out.
630
00:30:07,340 --> 00:30:09,273
The side of his head blew off.
631
00:30:09,275 --> 00:30:10,541
You could see the red.
632
00:30:10,543 --> 00:30:11,809
-Yeah. -I turned to Gayle.
633
00:30:11,811 --> 00:30:13,344
I said, "That's it. Hit the ground."
634
00:30:13,346 --> 00:30:16,013
Right, and that's the famous photograph of you guys,
635
00:30:16,015 --> 00:30:17,815
a family on the ground there. -Yes, yes.
636
00:30:17,817 --> 00:30:19,483
And I talked to another guy
637
00:30:19,485 --> 00:30:22,886
who was over there who ran across to you.
638
00:30:22,888 --> 00:30:25,022
-Pierce Allman. -Pierce Allman.
639
00:30:25,024 --> 00:30:27,758
WILDMAN: Journalist Pierce Allman thought all three shots
640
00:30:27,760 --> 00:30:30,361
came from behind the limousine.
641
00:30:30,363 --> 00:30:35,633
Straight in front of me and up.
642
00:30:35,635 --> 00:30:38,235
But Bill, who was just 10 feet away,
643
00:30:38,237 --> 00:30:40,237
remembers it differently.
644
00:30:40,239 --> 00:30:43,574
My focus was on the car the whole time.
645
00:30:43,576 --> 00:30:46,444
What I saw was President Kennedy
646
00:30:46,446 --> 00:30:48,446
fall over into Mrs. Kennedy's lap.
647
00:30:48,448 --> 00:30:50,380
-Right. -Based on what I saw,
648
00:30:50,382 --> 00:30:52,583
I thought the shot came from behind.
649
00:30:56,189 --> 00:30:59,857
WILDMAN: Bill saw President Kennedy lurch away from him.
650
00:30:59,859 --> 00:31:02,459
This violent back-and-to-the-left motion
651
00:31:02,461 --> 00:31:06,330
is clearly visible in photos and film of the moment.
652
00:31:06,332 --> 00:31:08,866
To many people, it's indisputable evidence
653
00:31:08,868 --> 00:31:11,869
of a second gunman in front of the limousine,
654
00:31:11,871 --> 00:31:15,473
shooting from here -- the infamous grassy knoll.
655
00:31:17,543 --> 00:31:20,544
But nothing in this case is indisputable.
656
00:31:20,546 --> 00:31:24,748
As it happens, a brand-new analysis of that fatal head shot
657
00:31:24,750 --> 00:31:27,751
was recently published in a scientific journal.
658
00:31:27,753 --> 00:31:30,687
So I'm meeting up with the author to take a closer look --
659
00:31:30,689 --> 00:31:32,823
Dr. Nick Nalli.
660
00:31:32,825 --> 00:31:34,158
Nick, you work for NOAA,
661
00:31:34,160 --> 00:31:36,760
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
662
00:31:36,762 --> 00:31:38,295
-Yes. -So you're a scientist?
663
00:31:38,297 --> 00:31:39,362
Yes, that's right.
664
00:31:39,364 --> 00:31:40,764
And yet you've also written a paper
665
00:31:40,766 --> 00:31:42,566
on the Kennedy assassination. -Yes.
666
00:31:42,568 --> 00:31:43,968
I don't understand the connection.
667
00:31:43,970 --> 00:31:45,836
Well, at my job, what we do
668
00:31:45,838 --> 00:31:49,706
is we observe satellite imagery from space
669
00:31:49,708 --> 00:31:53,177
to measure something such as wind speeds and ocean currents.
670
00:31:53,179 --> 00:31:54,578
Okay. Very difficult to do that.
671
00:31:54,580 --> 00:31:56,446
Yes.
672
00:31:56,448 --> 00:31:59,583
WILDMAN: In order to measure the wind, which is invisible,
673
00:31:59,585 --> 00:32:03,320
Nick looks for visible indicators, like clouds.
674
00:32:03,322 --> 00:32:06,323
If he can measure how fast the clouds are moving,
675
00:32:06,325 --> 00:32:08,525
he can calculate the speed of the wind.
676
00:32:08,527 --> 00:32:13,129
So how does that science find its way into this investigation?
677
00:32:13,131 --> 00:32:16,733
The invisible property that I'm looking to observe
678
00:32:16,735 --> 00:32:20,804
is not the wind or a current, it's actually a bullet.
679
00:32:20,806 --> 00:32:22,806
So you're trying to track a bullet,
680
00:32:22,808 --> 00:32:25,876
an object that is traveling faster than you can see.
681
00:32:25,878 --> 00:32:27,277
Yes, only in this case,
682
00:32:27,279 --> 00:32:29,946
rather than using environmental satellite imagery,
683
00:32:29,948 --> 00:32:33,017
I'm using the Zapruder film.
684
00:32:33,019 --> 00:32:37,621
WILDMAN: The Zapruder film, the world's most tragic home movie.
685
00:32:37,623 --> 00:32:40,491
On November 22, 1963,
686
00:32:40,493 --> 00:32:44,895
a Dallas dressmaker and Kennedy supporter named Abraham Zapruder
687
00:32:44,897 --> 00:32:48,098
came to Dealey Plaza to film the president.
688
00:32:48,100 --> 00:32:51,434
His 26-second movie is the most complete record
689
00:32:51,436 --> 00:32:53,504
of the assassination.
690
00:32:53,506 --> 00:32:55,739
Nick has brought along the same type of camera
691
00:32:55,741 --> 00:32:57,307
that Zapruder used --
692
00:32:57,309 --> 00:33:01,444
an 8mm Bell & Howell Director Series.
693
00:33:01,446 --> 00:33:03,314
This is where Zapruder was standing, right here.
694
00:33:03,316 --> 00:33:05,783
This is that exact place where he was standing.
695
00:33:08,921 --> 00:33:11,055
So he's watching the motorcade come down.
696
00:33:11,057 --> 00:33:12,589
-Yes. -He starts to shoot.
697
00:33:12,591 --> 00:33:16,059
Yes, and so that sound that you hear, that humming sound,
698
00:33:16,061 --> 00:33:18,128
is actually the shutter fluttering
699
00:33:18,130 --> 00:33:22,199
at about 18.3 frames per second.
700
00:33:22,201 --> 00:33:25,669
WILDMAN: 18.3 frames per second is fast,
701
00:33:25,671 --> 00:33:28,806
but not nearly fast enough to see a speeding bullet,
702
00:33:28,808 --> 00:33:33,010
so Nick has analyzed the visible indicators in the Zapruder film
703
00:33:33,012 --> 00:33:36,247
to determine the path of that invisible bullet.
704
00:33:38,283 --> 00:33:39,683
Okay.
705
00:33:39,685 --> 00:33:43,687
I have here two still frames from the Zapruder film
706
00:33:43,689 --> 00:33:47,091
that capture the fatal shot to President Kennedy's head.
707
00:33:47,093 --> 00:33:48,492
All right. Let me understand this.
708
00:33:48,494 --> 00:33:50,961
So here is Kennedy before the shot has hit him.
709
00:33:50,963 --> 00:33:53,430
-Yes. -And then 1/18 second later,
710
00:33:53,432 --> 00:33:56,700
we're seeing the effect of the bullet that goes into his head,
711
00:33:56,702 --> 00:33:59,503
but we're not seeing the bullet arrive, of course.
712
00:33:59,505 --> 00:34:00,704
No, that's right.
713
00:34:00,706 --> 00:34:02,572
So this is basically a before
714
00:34:02,574 --> 00:34:05,042
and after of the arrival of the bullet.
715
00:34:05,044 --> 00:34:07,845
So all these dotted lines are reference
716
00:34:07,847 --> 00:34:09,779
points to see what's moving and what's not,
717
00:34:09,781 --> 00:34:13,249
and the only thing that's moving is President Kennedy's head.
718
00:34:13,251 --> 00:34:15,919
That's right, and which direction is he moving?
719
00:34:15,921 --> 00:34:17,655
Oh, wow.
720
00:34:29,936 --> 00:34:33,604
WILDMAN: For years, the raging debate over the JFK assassination
721
00:34:33,606 --> 00:34:37,207
has boiled down to one monumental question --
722
00:34:37,209 --> 00:34:40,611
Was the fatal head shot fired from behind the president
723
00:34:40,613 --> 00:34:46,149
by Lee Harvey Oswald or from in front by a second shooter?
724
00:34:46,151 --> 00:34:49,420
With the help of a new study by Dr. Nick Nalli,
725
00:34:49,422 --> 00:34:55,092
I'm analyzing the Zapruder film to find out once and for all.
726
00:34:55,094 --> 00:34:56,894
So this is basically a before
727
00:34:56,896 --> 00:34:58,896
and after of the arrival of the bullet,
728
00:34:58,898 --> 00:35:02,966
and the only thing that's moving is President Kennedy's head.
729
00:35:02,968 --> 00:35:05,435
That's right, and which direction is he moving?
730
00:35:05,437 --> 00:35:06,503
He's moving forward.
731
00:35:06,505 --> 00:35:08,505
He's moving forward.
732
00:35:08,507 --> 00:35:11,775
WILDMAN: Kennedy's head moves about 2 inches forward
733
00:35:11,777 --> 00:35:15,045
immediately after the moment of impact.
734
00:35:15,047 --> 00:35:17,715
This second image demonstrates that that bullet
735
00:35:17,717 --> 00:35:19,849
is striking him from the rear...
736
00:35:19,851 --> 00:35:20,984
That's what it's showing.
737
00:35:20,986 --> 00:35:22,586
...and pushing his head forward.
738
00:35:22,588 --> 00:35:25,055
That's the only way it could be.
739
00:35:25,057 --> 00:35:26,857
How do you explain the lurch
740
00:35:26,859 --> 00:35:28,325
backwards? -Okay.
741
00:35:28,327 --> 00:35:31,061
Well, let's take a look at this chart here.
742
00:35:31,063 --> 00:35:33,163
WILDMAN: Nick tracked the president's head movements
743
00:35:33,165 --> 00:35:35,298
in each frame of the Zapruder film
744
00:35:35,300 --> 00:35:37,334
and plotted them on a chart.
745
00:35:37,336 --> 00:35:38,802
WILDMAN: There is the shot.
746
00:35:38,804 --> 00:35:41,805
NALLI: Yes, exactly. It's a very sudden snap forward,
747
00:35:41,807 --> 00:35:44,942
and it's the most obvious feature on the entire chart.
748
00:35:44,944 --> 00:35:47,077
WILDMAN: But the lurch back and to the left
749
00:35:47,079 --> 00:35:50,213
doesn't begin until three frames later,
750
00:35:50,215 --> 00:35:53,884
nearly a 1/4 second after the bullet struck him.
751
00:35:53,886 --> 00:35:55,952
So what caused it?
752
00:35:55,954 --> 00:35:57,888
So the bullet deposits momentum,
753
00:35:57,890 --> 00:36:00,223
so that causes him to move forward.
754
00:36:00,225 --> 00:36:02,425
-Right. -But it also deposits energy,
755
00:36:02,427 --> 00:36:04,495
and energy just kind of spreads out.
756
00:36:04,497 --> 00:36:07,030
So this is contributing to his movement backwards.
757
00:36:07,032 --> 00:36:08,298
Yes. Think of it...
758
00:36:08,300 --> 00:36:10,033
it's very... It's almost intuitive.
759
00:36:10,035 --> 00:36:11,435
You know, if this is happening...
760
00:36:11,437 --> 00:36:12,703
Right, okay. -...you have to do that.
761
00:36:12,705 --> 00:36:15,238
I remember this much from high school physics --
762
00:36:15,240 --> 00:36:16,440
for every action...
763
00:36:16,442 --> 00:36:18,776
There is an equal and opposite reaction.
764
00:36:18,778 --> 00:36:20,310
-There you go. -That is Newton's third law.
765
00:36:20,312 --> 00:36:21,578
You have good memory.
766
00:36:21,580 --> 00:36:23,580
WILDMAN: Nick says the bullet's exit wound
767
00:36:23,582 --> 00:36:27,184
created a sort of recoil effect on the head,
768
00:36:27,186 --> 00:36:30,854
and he says that's not the only thing going on here.
769
00:36:30,856 --> 00:36:33,991
Because his brain has been destroyed
770
00:36:33,993 --> 00:36:35,726
pretty much in the right side,
771
00:36:35,728 --> 00:36:37,060
there's a nervous system response
772
00:36:37,062 --> 00:36:38,695
called a neuromuscular reaction.
773
00:36:38,697 --> 00:36:40,063
A muscle spasm.
774
00:36:40,065 --> 00:36:43,066
Yes, a muscle spasm that causes all the large muscle groups
775
00:36:43,068 --> 00:36:46,069
of his body to stiffen up, become like a plank.
776
00:36:46,071 --> 00:36:48,739
So it's because Kennedy is seated, he can't...
777
00:36:48,741 --> 00:36:50,540
His body can't make that plank.
778
00:36:50,542 --> 00:36:51,875
Not really, no.
779
00:36:51,877 --> 00:36:53,410
So the energy goes in a different direction.
780
00:36:53,412 --> 00:36:56,413
So he kind of instead looks like he's going backward.
781
00:36:56,415 --> 00:36:57,614
Interesting.
782
00:36:57,616 --> 00:36:59,349
The movement, the dramatic snap back
783
00:36:59,351 --> 00:37:03,820
isn't because of some shot from the front from the grassy knoll.
784
00:37:03,822 --> 00:37:07,491
It actually indicates a bullet from behind,
785
00:37:07,493 --> 00:37:09,693
from the Texas School Book Depository.
786
00:37:09,695 --> 00:37:11,461
Exactly.
787
00:37:14,566 --> 00:37:18,035
WILDMAN: But if Nick is correct, what does it all mean?
788
00:37:18,037 --> 00:37:19,903
Is it possible that the Warren Commission
789
00:37:19,905 --> 00:37:22,639
had it right all along?
790
00:37:22,641 --> 00:37:26,310
Are the conspiracy theories just theories?
791
00:37:26,312 --> 00:37:28,846
Could it be that the President of the United States
792
00:37:28,848 --> 00:37:33,116
was brought down by one lowly warehouse clerk all by himself?
793
00:37:47,465 --> 00:37:49,600
WILDMAN: President John F. Kennedy was shot dead
794
00:37:49,602 --> 00:37:51,067
by Lee Harvey Oswald
795
00:37:51,069 --> 00:37:53,337
from the Texas School Book Depository,
796
00:37:53,339 --> 00:37:56,540
so concluded the Warren Report,
797
00:37:56,542 --> 00:38:00,076
but how likely is it that Oswald could hit a target moving away
798
00:38:00,078 --> 00:38:03,680
from him two out of three times?
799
00:38:03,682 --> 00:38:06,617
To find out, I'm heading back to the Sixth Floor Museum
800
00:38:06,619 --> 00:38:09,485
in the old depository building.
801
00:38:09,487 --> 00:38:12,890
The sniper's nest was found here on the sixth floor,
802
00:38:12,892 --> 00:38:14,358
but today, it's part of the museum
803
00:38:14,360 --> 00:38:16,426
carefully preserved behind glass,
804
00:38:16,428 --> 00:38:18,962
so I'm heading one floor up to the seventh
805
00:38:18,964 --> 00:38:20,697
to get the closest possible
806
00:38:20,699 --> 00:38:25,235
look at the view from the sniper's window.
807
00:38:25,237 --> 00:38:27,971
WILDMAN: I've brought with me an old four-power rifle scope
808
00:38:27,973 --> 00:38:29,772
from the 1960s.
809
00:38:29,774 --> 00:38:32,109
It provides the same view as the scope
810
00:38:32,111 --> 00:38:35,112
on the Mannlicher-Carcano rifle found here at the scene.
811
00:38:40,452 --> 00:38:41,585
Holy moly.
812
00:38:41,587 --> 00:38:42,986
Look at this view here. All right.
813
00:38:42,988 --> 00:38:45,722
So I'm directly above the sniper's nest.
814
00:38:45,724 --> 00:38:47,924
Just one floor up, okay?
815
00:38:47,926 --> 00:38:50,761
This is the same perspective.
816
00:38:50,763 --> 00:38:52,262
It's amazing.
817
00:38:52,264 --> 00:38:54,998
I'm immediately struck by the curve in Elm Street.
818
00:38:55,000 --> 00:38:56,800
The bend in the roadway lines
819
00:38:56,802 --> 00:38:58,802
up perfectly with this vantage point,
820
00:38:58,804 --> 00:39:03,139
so it means a car traveling towards that triple underpass
821
00:39:03,141 --> 00:39:06,610
is basically moving in a straight line away from me.
822
00:39:06,612 --> 00:39:10,681
That means a shooter tracking a moving target
823
00:39:10,683 --> 00:39:13,617
would hardly have to adjust his rifle at all.
824
00:39:19,558 --> 00:39:23,827
WILDMAN: On November 22, 1963, the last book depository
825
00:39:23,829 --> 00:39:28,498
employee left the floor at about 12:20 p.m.
826
00:39:28,500 --> 00:39:31,835
Oswald would have had the sixth floor all to himself
827
00:39:31,837 --> 00:39:35,105
for a full 10 minutes before the assassination.
828
00:39:42,714 --> 00:39:46,316
At exactly 12:30 p.m., the president's motorcade
829
00:39:46,318 --> 00:39:50,187
emerged from Main Street and turned onto Houston.
830
00:39:50,189 --> 00:39:51,988
Pierce Allman watched the limousine
831
00:39:51,990 --> 00:39:54,591
slowly make the turn onto Elm Street.
832
00:39:59,531 --> 00:40:01,865
REPORTER: The president's car is now turning on to Elm Street,
833
00:40:01,867 --> 00:40:03,333
and it will be only a matter of minutes
834
00:40:03,335 --> 00:40:05,369
before he arrives at the Trade Mart.
835
00:40:07,539 --> 00:40:08,605
WILDMAN: The first shot.
836
00:40:13,011 --> 00:40:16,012
On the grassy knoll, Abraham Zapruder squeezed
837
00:40:16,014 --> 00:40:18,548
the shutter button on his 8mm camera.
838
00:40:20,753 --> 00:40:21,752
The second shot.
839
00:40:25,623 --> 00:40:28,692
At the curb, Bill Newman stood with his family
840
00:40:28,694 --> 00:40:30,560
as the limousine drew nearer.
841
00:40:33,232 --> 00:40:34,564
The third shot.
842
00:40:41,773 --> 00:40:44,775
For a trained Marine like Lee Harvey Oswald,
843
00:40:44,777 --> 00:40:47,978
it would not have been too difficult.
844
00:40:47,980 --> 00:40:51,114
To me, the evidence is overwhelming.
845
00:40:51,116 --> 00:40:55,986
Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated President Kennedy.
846
00:40:55,988 --> 00:40:57,854
But why did he do it?
847
00:40:57,856 --> 00:41:00,390
That may be the hardest question of all,
848
00:41:00,392 --> 00:41:02,592
and it's one even the Warren Report
849
00:41:02,594 --> 00:41:04,994
couldn't answer definitively.
850
00:41:04,996 --> 00:41:09,466
We may never know for sure, but there are clues.
851
00:41:09,468 --> 00:41:11,334
Early on the morning of the assassination,
852
00:41:11,336 --> 00:41:13,803
Lee Harvey Oswald slipped out of the house
853
00:41:13,805 --> 00:41:17,874
while his wife was still asleep and left $170 in cash
854
00:41:17,876 --> 00:41:20,877
on her nightstand and his wedding ring.
855
00:41:20,879 --> 00:41:24,948
Well, here is that ring.
856
00:41:24,950 --> 00:41:30,087
A tiny Soviet hammer and sickle is stamped on the inner surface.
857
00:41:30,089 --> 00:41:32,555
At the height of the Cold War,
858
00:41:32,557 --> 00:41:35,558
Oswald did the boldest thing he could think of.
859
00:41:35,560 --> 00:41:39,295
He walked into the arms of the enemy and tried to defect,
860
00:41:39,297 --> 00:41:42,899
but the Soviets did not greet him as a hero.
861
00:41:42,901 --> 00:41:47,237
By late 1963, Lee Harvey Oswald was back in Texas,
862
00:41:47,239 --> 00:41:50,239
making minimum wage as a warehouse clerk
863
00:41:50,241 --> 00:41:52,709
and living apart from his wife and children.
864
00:41:56,048 --> 00:41:59,583
What if one of the most heinous crimes of the 20th century
865
00:41:59,585 --> 00:42:02,652
was not the work of a grand conspiracy?
866
00:42:02,654 --> 00:42:04,120
What if the reason behind
867
00:42:04,122 --> 00:42:06,189
President John F. Kennedy's murder
868
00:42:06,191 --> 00:42:08,858
had little to do with Kennedy himself?
869
00:42:08,860 --> 00:42:11,862
What if was simply the desperate act
870
00:42:11,864 --> 00:42:14,797
of a profoundly unhappy person
871
00:42:14,799 --> 00:42:16,867
who thought he could find greatness
872
00:42:16,869 --> 00:42:18,801
by cutting down a great man?
872
00:42:19,305 --> 00:43:19,784
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