"Mysteries at the Museum" JFK Assassination: Mysteries at the Museum Special

1 00:00:02,120 --> 00:00:05,020 It was one of the darkest days in American history. 2 00:00:05,020 --> 00:00:07,620 The president's car is now turning on to Elm Street, 3 00:00:07,630 --> 00:00:09,290 and it will be only a matter of minutes 4 00:00:09,290 --> 00:00:11,260 before he arrives at the Trade Mart. 5 00:00:11,260 --> 00:00:16,370 On November 22, 1963, at exactly 12:30 p.m., 6 00:00:16,370 --> 00:00:19,700 President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. 7 00:00:26,910 --> 00:00:28,810 It appears as though 8 00:00:28,810 --> 00:00:31,010 something has happened in the motorcade route. 9 00:00:31,020 --> 00:00:32,480 Something, I repeat, has happened, 10 00:00:32,480 --> 00:00:34,650 in the motorcade route. 11 00:00:34,650 --> 00:00:36,750 According to the official story, 12 00:00:36,760 --> 00:00:39,390 Lee Harvey Oswald was the gunman... 13 00:00:39,390 --> 00:00:42,430 In this crevice right here was the rifle. 14 00:00:42,430 --> 00:00:44,860 ...and he worked alone. 15 00:00:44,860 --> 00:00:46,630 So did Oswald really do it, 16 00:00:46,630 --> 00:00:49,170 or was he just a patsy like he said? 17 00:00:49,170 --> 00:00:51,670 Now I'm looking at brand-new evidence... 18 00:00:51,670 --> 00:00:53,270 And which direction is he moving? 19 00:00:53,270 --> 00:00:56,640 He's moving forward. 20 00:00:56,640 --> 00:00:59,580 ...and digging deep into 50-year-old files 21 00:00:59,580 --> 00:01:00,980 to shine new light 22 00:01:00,980 --> 00:01:04,480 on the most contentious event of the 20th century. 23 00:01:04,480 --> 00:01:06,720 The president is dead. 24 00:01:06,720 --> 00:01:09,690 Is the official story even possible? 25 00:01:09,690 --> 00:01:12,290 I thought the shot came from behind. 26 00:01:12,290 --> 00:01:14,760 Was the American public sold a cover-up? 27 00:01:14,760 --> 00:01:16,460 He's been shot. 28 00:01:16,460 --> 00:01:17,730 Who can you believe? 29 00:01:17,730 --> 00:01:19,530 What can you believe? 30 00:01:19,530 --> 00:01:21,400 My mission is to follow the facts 31 00:01:21,400 --> 00:01:24,940 wherever they take me to determine once and for all 32 00:01:24,940 --> 00:01:27,900 if the official account of the Kennedy assassination 33 00:01:27,910 --> 00:01:30,040 is truth or fiction. 34 00:01:32,980 --> 00:01:34,540 I'm Don Wildman. 35 00:01:34,550 --> 00:01:37,050 I've explored the world's greatest mysteries, 36 00:01:37,050 --> 00:01:39,980 examined rare artifacts, and epic monuments. 37 00:01:39,990 --> 00:01:41,490 That is unbelievable. 38 00:01:41,490 --> 00:01:44,690 Now I'm digging deeper into some of the most perplexing 39 00:01:44,690 --> 00:01:47,360 and famous cases in history. 40 00:01:47,360 --> 00:01:49,630 My goal -- to get closer to the truth... 41 00:01:49,630 --> 00:01:50,630 Let's burn this place down. 42 00:01:50,630 --> 00:01:52,460 Burn it down. 43 00:01:52,460 --> 00:01:53,900 ...on this special episode 44 00:01:53,900 --> 00:01:58,400 of "Mysteries at the Museum: The JFK Assassination." 45 00:02:06,180 --> 00:02:09,480 In the entire written history of the United States, 46 00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:12,680 no single subject is more fiercely debated 47 00:02:12,680 --> 00:02:16,490 than the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. 48 00:02:16,490 --> 00:02:19,320 On November 22, 1963, 49 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:22,160 while riding in an open limousine through Dallas 50 00:02:22,160 --> 00:02:25,700 with his wife and Texas Governor John Connally, 51 00:02:25,700 --> 00:02:28,900 President Kennedy was shot dead. 52 00:02:28,900 --> 00:02:31,470 Everyone agrees on that fact 53 00:02:31,470 --> 00:02:34,140 and pretty much nothing else. 54 00:02:34,140 --> 00:02:36,610 An investigative panel was formed one week 55 00:02:36,610 --> 00:02:37,940 after the assassination, 56 00:02:37,940 --> 00:02:40,510 chaired by Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 57 00:02:40,510 --> 00:02:42,880 Earl Warren. 58 00:02:42,880 --> 00:02:48,890 Its mission was to determine who killed JFK, why, and how. 59 00:02:48,890 --> 00:02:51,190 The Warren Commission pieced it all together 60 00:02:51,190 --> 00:02:55,460 and published its findings a year later back in 1964. 61 00:02:57,800 --> 00:03:00,530 The Warren Commission concluded that three shots 62 00:03:00,530 --> 00:03:02,630 were fired at the president's motorcade. 63 00:03:02,630 --> 00:03:04,130 One shot missed. 64 00:03:04,140 --> 00:03:07,300 One shot passed through both Kennedy and Governor Connally, 65 00:03:07,310 --> 00:03:11,070 and one shot hit Kennedy in the head and killed him. 66 00:03:11,080 --> 00:03:12,910 According to the Warren Report, 67 00:03:12,910 --> 00:03:15,750 all three shots were fired by one man working alone... 68 00:03:15,750 --> 00:03:19,080 Lee Harvey Oswald. 69 00:03:19,080 --> 00:03:21,350 The Warren Commission rested this conclusion 70 00:03:21,350 --> 00:03:23,650 on hundreds of witness testimonies 71 00:03:23,660 --> 00:03:26,290 and thousands of pieces of evidence. 72 00:03:26,290 --> 00:03:29,660 But more than 50 years later, there are vexing questions 73 00:03:29,660 --> 00:03:33,230 surrounding some of the commission's central facts. 74 00:03:33,230 --> 00:03:35,730 So is the Warren Commission right? 75 00:03:35,730 --> 00:03:39,500 Did one lone gunman really kill the president? 76 00:03:39,500 --> 00:03:41,000 Plenty of people say, "No." 77 00:03:41,010 --> 00:03:43,270 In fact, one out of every three Americans 78 00:03:43,280 --> 00:03:45,010 believes there was a conspiracy -- 79 00:03:45,010 --> 00:03:47,240 a conspiracy to kill the president 80 00:03:47,250 --> 00:03:49,180 and a conspiracy to cover it up. 81 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:56,320 For my investigation, I'm starting right here 82 00:03:56,320 --> 00:03:58,620 where it all happened -- 83 00:03:58,620 --> 00:04:01,260 Dealey Plaza. 84 00:04:01,260 --> 00:04:05,100 This is my first-ever time in Dealey Plaza. 85 00:04:05,100 --> 00:04:08,030 I mean, it seems eerily familiar. 86 00:04:08,030 --> 00:04:12,440 I've seen it in so many pictures and iconic footage. 87 00:04:12,440 --> 00:04:15,240 It's like I've been here before, right? 88 00:04:15,240 --> 00:04:18,610 Today Dealey Plaza is a National Historic Landmark, 89 00:04:18,610 --> 00:04:22,850 preserved to look just as it did on the day of the assassination. 90 00:04:22,850 --> 00:04:26,220 The place is frozen in time. I mean, I have these prints. 91 00:04:26,220 --> 00:04:28,850 You can pretty much line them up exactly, 92 00:04:28,850 --> 00:04:31,590 and the whole scene just opens up in front of you. 93 00:04:31,590 --> 00:04:34,790 It's a window into the past. 94 00:04:34,790 --> 00:04:37,530 But to really understand what happened here, 95 00:04:37,530 --> 00:04:41,400 I need to talk to someone who was right here that day. 96 00:04:41,400 --> 00:04:42,400 Something is wrong here. 97 00:04:42,400 --> 00:04:44,670 Something is terribly wrong. 98 00:04:44,670 --> 00:04:45,740 Hey. How are you? 99 00:04:45,740 --> 00:04:46,800 Hello, Pierce. Nice to meet you. 100 00:04:46,810 --> 00:04:48,540 All right. Welcome to Dallas. 101 00:04:48,540 --> 00:04:50,470 Pierce Allman was program manager 102 00:04:50,480 --> 00:04:54,510 of radio station WFAA in 1963. 103 00:04:54,510 --> 00:04:57,910 So November 22, 1963, you were here. 104 00:04:57,920 --> 00:04:59,550 I was here. 105 00:04:59,550 --> 00:05:03,990 Pierce was one of the 121 witnesses in Dealey Plaza 106 00:05:03,990 --> 00:05:06,560 at the moment of the assassination. 107 00:05:06,560 --> 00:05:09,430 He's taking me back to the very place he stood -- 108 00:05:09,430 --> 00:05:12,730 at the corner of Houston and Elm. 109 00:05:12,730 --> 00:05:14,460 So you were here a few moments 110 00:05:14,470 --> 00:05:15,800 before the motorcade comes, right? 111 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:17,100 You planted yourself here? -Yep. 112 00:05:17,100 --> 00:05:19,540 I was sort of waiting because all I could hear 113 00:05:19,540 --> 00:05:21,710 from downtown were these cheers. 114 00:05:21,710 --> 00:05:23,040 Yeah. 115 00:05:23,040 --> 00:05:25,170 The plan called for a parade through the city 116 00:05:25,180 --> 00:05:28,480 from downtown to Dealey Plaza and ending with a speech 117 00:05:28,480 --> 00:05:31,310 just outside of town at the Dallas Trade Mart. 118 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:39,074 Watch Online Movies and Series for FREE www.osdb.link/lm 119 00:05:40,160 --> 00:05:42,160 So then the car turns the corner. 120 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:44,990 Describe what happens. What did you see? 121 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:49,230 When they came down, in that one brief moment 122 00:05:49,230 --> 00:05:54,070 when they were there, and they looked so great. 123 00:05:54,070 --> 00:05:56,770 They just radiated. 124 00:05:56,780 --> 00:06:00,640 They connected, and I got so carried away, I even said, 125 00:06:00,650 --> 00:06:03,750 "Hey. Welcome to Dallas, Mr. President," 126 00:06:03,750 --> 00:06:10,720 and that glimpse right there was the last of them that way. 127 00:06:10,720 --> 00:06:13,920 You saw them the last moment of the Kennedy magic. 128 00:06:13,930 --> 00:06:15,760 That's true. 129 00:06:15,760 --> 00:06:20,900 Because the moment they turned the corner... 130 00:06:20,900 --> 00:06:28,200 that's -- that's when the first sound hit. 131 00:06:30,780 --> 00:06:33,480 And that's a sound you never forget. 132 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:36,180 It was loud -- it was a big sound. 133 00:06:36,180 --> 00:06:39,220 I thought, "My God, did somebody bring firecrackers?" 134 00:06:39,220 --> 00:06:40,220 Mm-hmm. 135 00:06:40,220 --> 00:06:42,390 The car had been right here 136 00:06:42,390 --> 00:06:45,860 for that first shot, and then it had gone, you know, 137 00:06:45,860 --> 00:06:49,090 just a few feet further, and then the second shot. 138 00:06:52,360 --> 00:06:54,300 It sort of settled in, "Okay. 139 00:06:54,300 --> 00:06:57,370 These are shots, and they're shooting at the president," 140 00:06:57,370 --> 00:07:00,170 but I couldn't tell on the second shot if he was hit. 141 00:07:00,170 --> 00:07:01,170 Mm-hmm. 142 00:07:01,170 --> 00:07:02,970 He went sort of like that, 143 00:07:02,970 --> 00:07:06,540 but he didn't topple, and he didn't slump. 144 00:07:06,550 --> 00:07:08,010 Right. 145 00:07:08,010 --> 00:07:11,950 I was glancing just a real quick eye-survey of the crowd, 146 00:07:11,950 --> 00:07:15,390 and when I swung back... 147 00:07:23,600 --> 00:07:26,530 The president lurched violently. 148 00:07:26,530 --> 00:07:29,470 The first lady climbed partway out onto the trunk 149 00:07:29,470 --> 00:07:31,700 in a state of shock. 150 00:07:31,700 --> 00:07:34,500 A Secret Service agent dove aboard the limousine 151 00:07:34,510 --> 00:07:38,240 just before it vanished beneath the underpass. 152 00:07:38,240 --> 00:07:41,810 It was exactly 12:30 p.m. Central Time. 153 00:07:41,810 --> 00:07:46,250 The whole thing had happened in less than 30 seconds. 154 00:07:46,250 --> 00:07:49,050 So, Pierce, where did the shots come from? 155 00:07:49,050 --> 00:07:53,790 In front, straight in front of me and up. 156 00:07:53,790 --> 00:07:55,930 -Right there? -Yes. 157 00:07:55,930 --> 00:07:58,060 Sixth floor, open window. 158 00:07:58,060 --> 00:07:59,430 Yes. Yes. 159 00:07:59,430 --> 00:08:02,170 But Pierce's story doesn't end there. 160 00:08:02,170 --> 00:08:04,670 Those early minutes were full of confusion. 161 00:08:04,670 --> 00:08:07,640 I had no idea what condition the president was in. 162 00:08:07,640 --> 00:08:09,140 Yeah. 163 00:08:09,140 --> 00:08:12,210 A young couple was lying on the grass shielding their children 164 00:08:12,210 --> 00:08:15,080 just feet from where the president had been shot. 165 00:08:15,080 --> 00:08:17,380 Pierce ran to them. 166 00:08:17,380 --> 00:08:19,120 When I asked him if he was okay, he said, "Yeah, 167 00:08:19,120 --> 00:08:20,880 but they got the president. 168 00:08:20,890 --> 00:08:23,190 They blew the side of his head in." 169 00:08:23,190 --> 00:08:25,890 If what he saw was true, then that would mean 170 00:08:25,890 --> 00:08:29,590 that the president could be dead, 171 00:08:29,590 --> 00:08:32,330 and if that's so, my thought was, 172 00:08:32,330 --> 00:08:34,630 "Oh, my God. I've got to find a phone." 173 00:08:34,630 --> 00:08:36,170 Mm-hmm. 174 00:08:36,170 --> 00:08:38,400 Pierce was not only a spectator. 175 00:08:38,400 --> 00:08:40,100 He was also a journalist. 176 00:08:40,110 --> 00:08:43,970 He needed to call his station and get on the air. 177 00:08:43,980 --> 00:08:46,480 There were no cell phones in 1963, 178 00:08:46,480 --> 00:08:48,780 so he ran to the nearest building -- 179 00:08:48,780 --> 00:08:51,550 the Texas School Book Depository. 180 00:08:51,550 --> 00:08:53,550 -Where the shots came from? -Yes. 181 00:08:53,550 --> 00:08:56,920 And that's where Pierce had his second brush with history. 182 00:08:56,920 --> 00:08:59,390 There's a guy standing in the door, sort of open, 183 00:08:59,390 --> 00:09:02,360 and I asked him where a phone was, and he said, "In there." 184 00:09:18,180 --> 00:09:21,310 Pierce remained on the air for nearly 40 minutes, 185 00:09:21,310 --> 00:09:23,580 but only later would he learn the identity 186 00:09:23,580 --> 00:09:25,850 of that man he met in the doorway. 187 00:09:25,850 --> 00:09:27,480 Secret Service called and said, 188 00:09:27,490 --> 00:09:30,490 "Are you familiar with the testimony of Lee Oswald 189 00:09:30,490 --> 00:09:31,750 following his arrest?" 190 00:09:31,760 --> 00:09:33,390 I said, "No." 191 00:09:33,390 --> 00:09:35,760 They said, "Well, he states that as he was leaving 192 00:09:35,760 --> 00:09:37,630 the depository building, 193 00:09:37,630 --> 00:09:39,360 a young man with a crew cut rushed up 194 00:09:39,360 --> 00:09:41,760 and identified himself as a newsman 195 00:09:41,770 --> 00:09:43,730 and asked where a phone was." 196 00:09:43,740 --> 00:09:45,400 Wow. 197 00:09:45,400 --> 00:09:47,770 Pierce's eyewitness account fully supports 198 00:09:47,770 --> 00:09:50,270 the Warren Commission's findings. 199 00:09:50,280 --> 00:09:53,210 He believes three shots came from the sixth floor 200 00:09:53,210 --> 00:09:55,780 of the Texas School Book Depository, 201 00:09:55,780 --> 00:09:58,550 and he now believes he ran into Lee Harvey Oswald 202 00:09:58,550 --> 00:10:01,450 exiting that building immediately after. 203 00:10:01,450 --> 00:10:03,890 So what do the police find inside? 204 00:10:06,630 --> 00:10:07,990 -Stephen? -Hi, Don. 205 00:10:07,990 --> 00:10:09,390 Welcome to the Sixth Floor. -Nice to meet you. 206 00:10:09,390 --> 00:10:10,790 -Thanks a lot. -Glad to have you here. 207 00:10:10,800 --> 00:10:13,160 In 1963, the sixth floor of 208 00:10:13,160 --> 00:10:16,570 the Texas School Book Depository was a warehouse. 209 00:10:16,570 --> 00:10:19,170 Lee Harvey Oswald worked here as a clerk 210 00:10:19,170 --> 00:10:21,500 boxing up book orders. 211 00:10:21,510 --> 00:10:24,070 Today it's the Sixth Floor Museum, 212 00:10:24,080 --> 00:10:28,510 a chronicle of JFK's life and his tragic death. 213 00:10:28,510 --> 00:10:32,920 And my tour guide is the museum's curator, Stephen Fagin. 214 00:10:32,920 --> 00:10:35,620 Oh, there it is. 215 00:10:35,620 --> 00:10:38,590 Oh, that's crazy. Look at that. 216 00:10:38,590 --> 00:10:41,320 So try to imagine for a moment it's 1:12 p.m., 217 00:10:41,330 --> 00:10:43,730 about 45 minutes after the assassination. 218 00:10:43,730 --> 00:10:45,160 -Yeah. -And Luke Mooney, 219 00:10:45,160 --> 00:10:47,230 a Dallas County deputy sheriff, is one of several officers 220 00:10:47,230 --> 00:10:49,270 searching the building floor by floor, 221 00:10:49,270 --> 00:10:53,400 and he comes across this space in the southeast corner. 222 00:10:53,410 --> 00:10:56,010 And so he peered over the tops of those boxes there 223 00:10:56,010 --> 00:10:58,240 and essentially discovered the sniper's perch. 224 00:10:58,240 --> 00:11:00,940 Mm-hmm. 225 00:11:00,950 --> 00:11:03,510 All right. Well, this is the raised window there 226 00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:05,010 in the southeast corner. -Well, there you go. 227 00:11:05,020 --> 00:11:07,520 Wow. There it is. That is so eerie. 228 00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:10,690 There were three empty rifle shells found here on the floor. 229 00:11:10,690 --> 00:11:12,160 Two close to the brick ledge 230 00:11:12,160 --> 00:11:15,190 and then one close to this stack of boxes here. 231 00:11:15,190 --> 00:11:16,630 I mean, you're looking right down 232 00:11:16,630 --> 00:11:18,860 into Dealey Plaza right there. 233 00:11:18,860 --> 00:11:21,130 That is where you want to be if you're gonna take a shot. 234 00:11:21,130 --> 00:11:22,170 Man. 235 00:11:24,840 --> 00:11:28,600 On the other end of the floor next to the only way downstairs, 236 00:11:28,610 --> 00:11:31,740 investigators discovered more evidence. 237 00:11:31,740 --> 00:11:33,480 And very close to the stairwell, 238 00:11:33,480 --> 00:11:36,010 in this crevice right here, was the rifle. 239 00:11:36,010 --> 00:11:37,710 This rifle? 240 00:11:37,720 --> 00:11:39,550 Is this the actual one? 241 00:11:39,550 --> 00:11:41,820 The original weapon is in the National Archives today, 242 00:11:41,820 --> 00:11:43,550 but this is an identical rifle. 243 00:11:43,560 --> 00:11:46,290 This is a 6.5mm Mannlicher-Carcano 244 00:11:46,290 --> 00:11:48,120 military surplus rifle, 245 00:11:48,130 --> 00:11:52,430 and on top is a Japanese-made 4x optical scope. 246 00:11:52,430 --> 00:11:54,130 A sniper's rifle. 247 00:11:59,700 --> 00:12:01,470 The police would ultimately link 248 00:12:01,470 --> 00:12:04,540 that rifle to Oswald in several different ways, 249 00:12:04,540 --> 00:12:09,650 including the testimony of his wife and a palm print. 250 00:12:09,650 --> 00:12:11,450 But like everything in this case, 251 00:12:11,450 --> 00:12:14,480 there are nagging questions about all of it. 252 00:12:14,490 --> 00:12:18,550 So is that rifle the smoking gun of the Warren Report, 253 00:12:18,560 --> 00:12:21,160 or is it the keystone to the most nefarious 254 00:12:21,160 --> 00:12:24,530 and elaborate conspiracy in American history? 255 00:12:32,700 --> 00:12:38,940 November 22, 1963, 1:00 p.m. Dallas time. 256 00:12:38,940 --> 00:12:42,350 The President of the United States is dead. 257 00:12:42,350 --> 00:12:43,880 It's official now. 258 00:12:43,880 --> 00:12:47,580 President Kennedy has been assassinated. 259 00:12:47,590 --> 00:12:50,850 From coast to coast, a horrified nation tuned in 260 00:12:50,860 --> 00:12:54,090 to the unfolding nightmare in Dallas. 261 00:12:54,090 --> 00:12:56,690 But even as the shocking news of Kennedy's death 262 00:12:56,690 --> 00:12:59,830 was breaking, the investigation into his murder 263 00:12:59,830 --> 00:13:03,200 was well underway. 264 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:06,440 At the center of any homicide investigation 265 00:13:06,440 --> 00:13:09,310 is the murder weapon, and this one is no different. 266 00:13:09,310 --> 00:13:12,710 A Mannlicher-Carcano rifle was found on the sixth floor 267 00:13:12,710 --> 00:13:14,610 of the Texas School Book Depository 268 00:13:14,610 --> 00:13:17,250 immediately after the assassination. 269 00:13:17,250 --> 00:13:18,980 The building was quickly sealed 270 00:13:18,980 --> 00:13:21,550 and its employees gathered for a head count. 271 00:13:21,550 --> 00:13:24,590 Lee Harvey Oswald was missing. 272 00:13:24,590 --> 00:13:27,990 Oswald's description went out over police radio. 273 00:13:27,990 --> 00:13:29,760 30 minutes later, 274 00:13:29,760 --> 00:13:34,360 he was spotted 3 miles away by police officer J.D. Tippit. 275 00:13:34,370 --> 00:13:36,500 As two eyewitnesses looked on, 276 00:13:36,500 --> 00:13:40,400 Oswald drew a revolver and shot Tippit dead. 277 00:13:40,410 --> 00:13:43,310 He was arrested minutes later in a movie theater. 278 00:13:54,390 --> 00:13:56,350 This unassuming little house 279 00:13:56,350 --> 00:14:00,160 was one of the very first stops in the JFK investigation. 280 00:14:00,160 --> 00:14:02,530 Within an hour of Oswald's arrest, 281 00:14:02,530 --> 00:14:04,860 this place was crawling with detectives. 282 00:14:08,570 --> 00:14:10,300 -Hello? -Come in. 283 00:14:10,300 --> 00:14:11,670 How you doing? I'm Don. 284 00:14:11,670 --> 00:14:13,070 Nice to meet you. Welcome to the Ruth Paine House. 285 00:14:13,070 --> 00:14:14,840 Thank you so much. 286 00:14:14,840 --> 00:14:16,710 Ruth Paine was a single mom 287 00:14:16,710 --> 00:14:19,440 raising her kids here in this house. 288 00:14:19,440 --> 00:14:21,110 Her home has been carefully restored 289 00:14:21,110 --> 00:14:23,980 to look as it did in 1963. 290 00:14:23,980 --> 00:14:26,320 But it wasn't Ruth who the Dallas police 291 00:14:26,320 --> 00:14:27,980 wanted to talk to. -Oh, man. 292 00:14:27,990 --> 00:14:31,250 It is really a time capsule in here. 293 00:14:31,260 --> 00:14:33,460 Ruth and Marina spent a lot of time here. 294 00:14:33,460 --> 00:14:35,660 Marina is Lee Harvey Oswald's wife, 295 00:14:35,660 --> 00:14:36,990 Marina Oswald. -Yes. 296 00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:38,590 So she was living here, but Lee wasn't? 297 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:40,560 Correct. 298 00:14:40,570 --> 00:14:41,860 Lee and Marina's marriage 299 00:14:41,870 --> 00:14:44,630 was not your typical American love story. 300 00:14:44,640 --> 00:14:47,240 It wasn't even an American story. 301 00:14:47,240 --> 00:14:50,670 They met in 1961 in the Soviet Union. 302 00:14:50,680 --> 00:14:52,580 Marina was born there. 303 00:14:52,580 --> 00:14:56,610 Lee had moved there with the goal of defecting. 304 00:14:56,610 --> 00:14:58,850 This was the height of the Cold War. 305 00:14:58,850 --> 00:15:01,650 Russia was the enemy, and Lee had just gotten 306 00:15:01,650 --> 00:15:04,250 out of a 3-year stint in the Marines. 307 00:15:04,260 --> 00:15:07,160 He knew this was a drastic step, 308 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:10,230 but Lee had a history of acting out for attention. 309 00:15:10,230 --> 00:15:12,230 At 16, he dropped out of high school, 310 00:15:12,230 --> 00:15:14,130 started reading Communist articles 311 00:15:14,130 --> 00:15:16,500 and labeled himself a Marxist. 312 00:15:16,500 --> 00:15:18,430 But except for marrying Marina, 313 00:15:18,440 --> 00:15:21,800 his life in Communist Russia never amounted to much. 314 00:15:21,810 --> 00:15:27,110 So in 1962, he and Marina started over in Texas. 315 00:15:27,110 --> 00:15:28,780 Their marriage was a little rocky. 316 00:15:28,780 --> 00:15:30,310 They both had tempers. 317 00:15:30,320 --> 00:15:33,550 They both argued a lot, a lot of bickering, a lot of fighting. 318 00:15:33,550 --> 00:15:36,390 That was one of the reasons, I think, that they lived apart. 319 00:15:36,390 --> 00:15:38,050 Did Lee ever come over here? 320 00:15:38,060 --> 00:15:39,620 Lee would come over on the weekends. 321 00:15:39,620 --> 00:15:41,720 He would arrive on Friday afternoon 322 00:15:41,730 --> 00:15:43,330 and stay until Monday morning. 323 00:15:43,330 --> 00:15:46,700 But Thursday, November 21, 1963, 324 00:15:46,700 --> 00:15:49,470 the night before the assassination, he spends here. 325 00:15:49,470 --> 00:15:52,000 Yes. It was very unusual. 326 00:15:52,000 --> 00:15:55,140 Ruth came home, and she was very surprised to find him here. 327 00:15:55,140 --> 00:15:58,040 Because he had never spent a Thursday night here before? 328 00:15:58,040 --> 00:15:59,980 He had never spent a weeknight here before. 329 00:15:59,980 --> 00:16:00,980 Oh. 330 00:16:04,320 --> 00:16:05,680 By Friday afternoon, 331 00:16:05,680 --> 00:16:08,250 Dallas detectives were at Ruth Paine's door 332 00:16:08,250 --> 00:16:10,590 with a pile of questions for Marina. 333 00:16:14,390 --> 00:16:15,860 Oh, wow. 334 00:16:15,860 --> 00:16:18,160 This is the garage. 335 00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:19,830 Lee stored most of his possessions 336 00:16:19,830 --> 00:16:23,970 here in Ruth's garage, but it was what wasn't here 337 00:16:23,970 --> 00:16:26,900 that turned out to be the biggest clue. 338 00:16:26,900 --> 00:16:29,270 They asked Ruth if there were any firearms in the house, 339 00:16:29,270 --> 00:16:31,140 and she immediately said, "No." -Right. 340 00:16:31,140 --> 00:16:33,210 And they said, "Well, can you ask her?" 341 00:16:33,210 --> 00:16:35,980 So she turned to Marina, who didn't speak any English, 342 00:16:35,980 --> 00:16:38,780 and asked Marina if there were guns, and Marina said, 343 00:16:38,780 --> 00:16:40,880 "Yes, there's a long rifle in the garage." 344 00:16:40,890 --> 00:16:42,650 -She knew about the weapon? -She knew. 345 00:16:42,650 --> 00:16:44,050 And so they come out here. 346 00:16:44,060 --> 00:16:46,590 They came out here, and Marina pointed at this rug. 347 00:16:46,590 --> 00:16:51,960 Okay, and the police pick it up, and, ooh, no rifle. 348 00:16:51,960 --> 00:16:56,770 The investigators believe the pieces were falling into place. 349 00:16:56,770 --> 00:16:58,770 They now knew that Lee Harvey Oswald 350 00:16:58,770 --> 00:17:02,000 showed up here unexpectedly on a Thursday night, 351 00:17:02,010 --> 00:17:04,040 and his rifle went missing. 352 00:17:04,040 --> 00:17:07,080 The very next day, the President of the United States 353 00:17:07,080 --> 00:17:09,880 was shot outside Oswald's workplace, 354 00:17:09,880 --> 00:17:11,950 where a rifle was found, 355 00:17:11,950 --> 00:17:17,350 and it wasn't long before Dallas PD uncovered even more evidence. 356 00:17:17,360 --> 00:17:20,460 The Dallas Police Department found Lee Harvey Oswald's 357 00:17:20,460 --> 00:17:23,960 palm print on the rifle at the crime scene, 358 00:17:23,960 --> 00:17:25,800 so slam dunk, right? 359 00:17:25,800 --> 00:17:28,860 Well, that palm print has been knocked by conspiracy theorists 360 00:17:28,870 --> 00:17:31,830 ever since as planted evidence. 361 00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:34,400 Many people believe that Oswald's palm print 362 00:17:34,410 --> 00:17:37,510 was placed on the gun after the fact, 363 00:17:37,510 --> 00:17:39,210 after Oswald was dead. 364 00:17:39,210 --> 00:17:40,480 How are you doing, Larry? 365 00:17:40,480 --> 00:17:42,140 Hey, Don. 366 00:17:42,150 --> 00:17:44,680 So why is there so much controversy 367 00:17:44,680 --> 00:17:48,280 around such a key piece of evidence? 368 00:17:48,290 --> 00:17:49,520 All right. Into your lab. 369 00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:50,990 Oh, yes. 370 00:17:50,990 --> 00:17:53,260 So how does a fingerprint actually get made? 371 00:17:53,260 --> 00:17:56,030 Well, see the body secretes salts, 372 00:17:56,030 --> 00:17:59,300 sweats and body fluids through the tips of your fingers 373 00:17:59,300 --> 00:18:02,430 and the palms of your hands, soles of your feet. 374 00:18:02,430 --> 00:18:04,930 Larry Peters has been examining fingerprints 375 00:18:04,940 --> 00:18:07,470 for more than 50 years. 376 00:18:07,470 --> 00:18:08,870 So here is the thing. 377 00:18:08,870 --> 00:18:13,280 November 22, 1963, the Dallas Police Department 378 00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:15,950 pull a palm print off of the rifle 379 00:18:15,950 --> 00:18:16,950 they found at 380 00:18:16,950 --> 00:18:18,410 the School Book Depository. -Mm-hmm. 381 00:18:18,420 --> 00:18:21,220 That rifle then goes to Washington, D.C., 382 00:18:21,220 --> 00:18:22,820 to the FBI crime lab. -Mm-hmm. 383 00:18:22,820 --> 00:18:24,550 And they do the same. They dust the whole rifle. 384 00:18:24,560 --> 00:18:26,360 They find nothing at all. 385 00:18:26,360 --> 00:18:30,230 Then a week later, the Dallas Police Department announced 386 00:18:30,230 --> 00:18:33,560 that they have Oswald's palm print from that rifle. 387 00:18:33,560 --> 00:18:36,100 I don't understand how that's possible. 388 00:18:36,100 --> 00:18:39,840 If Dallas PD lifted a print from the gun on Friday, 389 00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:43,310 why couldn't the FBI find it on Saturday? 390 00:18:43,310 --> 00:18:48,010 And then, how could Dallas produce it one whole week later? 391 00:18:48,010 --> 00:18:50,780 Larry says it makes perfect sense 392 00:18:50,780 --> 00:18:52,620 but only if you understand fingerprint 393 00:18:52,620 --> 00:18:55,020 lifting methods from that time. 394 00:18:55,020 --> 00:18:56,720 Let me show you my fingerprinting kit, 395 00:18:56,720 --> 00:19:00,190 and this kit right here is from the '60s. 396 00:19:00,190 --> 00:19:01,690 We used... -There you go. 397 00:19:01,690 --> 00:19:02,830 ...black powder. 398 00:19:02,830 --> 00:19:04,890 Then we have the fingerprint tape 399 00:19:04,900 --> 00:19:07,400 that we would have used back during that era. 400 00:19:07,400 --> 00:19:10,370 These are different styles of fingerprint brushes. 401 00:19:10,370 --> 00:19:12,840 So can I make a palm print on this, 402 00:19:12,840 --> 00:19:14,300 and can we find my palm print? 403 00:19:14,310 --> 00:19:16,710 Yeah. You bet. 404 00:19:16,710 --> 00:19:19,740 This metal rod will stand in as our gun barrel. 405 00:19:19,740 --> 00:19:21,480 Go ahead and put some gloves on. 406 00:19:21,480 --> 00:19:24,680 I'll take the lid off for you. 407 00:19:24,680 --> 00:19:25,680 Okay. 408 00:19:25,680 --> 00:19:27,380 Here's the fingerprint brush. 409 00:19:27,390 --> 00:19:28,680 Okay. 410 00:19:28,690 --> 00:19:30,050 You'll just dip it in there, and, okay, 411 00:19:30,050 --> 00:19:31,650 now then just kind of tap it off, 412 00:19:31,660 --> 00:19:33,120 and the print is going to be in that area... 413 00:19:33,120 --> 00:19:36,590 Black powder is made mostly of finely ground carbon. 414 00:19:36,590 --> 00:19:38,560 It sticks to the invisible oils left 415 00:19:38,560 --> 00:19:41,200 on a surface by a finger or palm. 416 00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:42,530 Oh, yeah. 417 00:19:42,530 --> 00:19:45,230 There she is, right there. 418 00:19:45,240 --> 00:19:49,970 Once the print is visible, it's photographed in place. 419 00:19:49,970 --> 00:19:52,780 Then you would take the tape dispenser. 420 00:19:52,780 --> 00:19:56,450 Then the print is carefully covered with lifting tape. 421 00:19:56,450 --> 00:19:59,980 Start at one end and just go right down the middle of it. 422 00:19:59,980 --> 00:20:01,180 There you go. Okay. 423 00:20:01,190 --> 00:20:03,120 That looks pretty good. 424 00:20:03,120 --> 00:20:04,720 Then pull on one end. 425 00:20:08,130 --> 00:20:09,290 Catch the other end, though, 426 00:20:09,290 --> 00:20:12,700 because it'll want to curl on you a little bit. 427 00:20:12,700 --> 00:20:13,960 Okay. 428 00:20:13,970 --> 00:20:16,170 So that is a successful palm print, huh? 429 00:20:16,170 --> 00:20:19,170 That's a successful palm print removal. 430 00:20:21,210 --> 00:20:23,340 So when you say lifting that print, 431 00:20:23,340 --> 00:20:25,570 you are literally removing it from the surface. 432 00:20:25,580 --> 00:20:26,580 Exactly. Yeah. 433 00:20:26,580 --> 00:20:27,880 -Okay. -Yeah. 434 00:20:27,880 --> 00:20:30,610 So that gun, that rifle that goes to D.C., 435 00:20:30,620 --> 00:20:32,680 and those FBI guys that go to dust 436 00:20:32,680 --> 00:20:34,250 this down, they find nothing. 437 00:20:34,250 --> 00:20:35,950 They found nothing because it's already been removed. 438 00:20:35,950 --> 00:20:38,150 Gotcha. I totally understand. 439 00:20:38,160 --> 00:20:39,860 Wow. 440 00:20:43,030 --> 00:20:49,160 Saturday, November 23, 1963, Dallas Police Headquarters. 441 00:20:49,170 --> 00:20:51,430 Detectives confronted Lee Harvey Oswald 442 00:20:51,440 --> 00:20:54,240 with the mounting evidence against him. 443 00:20:54,240 --> 00:20:57,070 Oswald said he was utterly innocent. 444 00:20:57,070 --> 00:21:00,080 He said the evidence had been fabricated. 445 00:21:00,080 --> 00:21:02,980 He said he was just a patsy. 446 00:21:02,980 --> 00:21:05,010 The police were unmoved. 447 00:21:05,020 --> 00:21:08,020 On that very day, Lee Oswald was charged 448 00:21:08,020 --> 00:21:11,190 with the assassination of President Kennedy, 449 00:21:11,190 --> 00:21:14,820 but he would never stand trial. 450 00:21:14,830 --> 00:21:18,860 On Sunday, November 24, 1963, 451 00:21:18,860 --> 00:21:23,030 live TV cameras switched on to cover Oswald's transfer 452 00:21:23,030 --> 00:21:26,200 from police headquarters to a more secure jail. 453 00:21:39,720 --> 00:21:41,150 Lee Harvey Oswald, 454 00:21:41,150 --> 00:21:44,090 the most high-profile criminal in the nation, 455 00:21:44,090 --> 00:21:48,720 had been shot in police custody and for all the world to see. 456 00:21:48,730 --> 00:21:51,830 He died an hour later. 457 00:21:51,830 --> 00:21:53,560 The gunman was Jack Ruby, 458 00:21:53,560 --> 00:21:57,370 a local nightclub owner who managed to slip into the crowd. 459 00:21:57,370 --> 00:21:59,970 He was arrested on the spot. 460 00:21:59,970 --> 00:22:02,400 Less than 2 days after President Kennedy 461 00:22:02,410 --> 00:22:06,240 had been assassinated, the only suspect was dead. 462 00:22:06,240 --> 00:22:08,910 Was it just the inflamed emotions of that weekend, 463 00:22:08,910 --> 00:22:11,650 or was there something more sinister going on? 464 00:22:11,650 --> 00:22:14,020 Had Lee Harvey Oswald been silenced 465 00:22:14,020 --> 00:22:16,920 to protect a vast conspiracy? 466 00:22:25,800 --> 00:22:27,530 Lee Harvey Oswald, 467 00:22:27,530 --> 00:22:31,670 the prime suspect in the JFK assassination, was dead. 468 00:22:39,440 --> 00:22:41,340 He would never stand trial, 469 00:22:41,350 --> 00:22:46,010 but the investigation had only just begun. 470 00:22:46,020 --> 00:22:48,150 By the time of Oswald's death, 471 00:22:48,150 --> 00:22:50,350 ctives had linked him to the rifle found 472 00:22:50,350 --> 00:22:54,120 on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository, 473 00:22:54,130 --> 00:22:56,330 but that was only half the job. 474 00:22:56,330 --> 00:22:59,400 The question remained -- Did that rifle fire 475 00:22:59,400 --> 00:23:01,900 the bullets that killed JFK? 476 00:23:10,210 --> 00:23:12,240 Lee Harvey Oswald, in my research, 477 00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:14,110 he was only a patsy. 478 00:23:14,110 --> 00:23:16,510 He was only a fall guy. 479 00:23:16,510 --> 00:23:18,180 Today in Dealey Plaza, 480 00:23:18,180 --> 00:23:21,820 it's not hard to find dissenting opinions. 481 00:23:21,820 --> 00:23:24,290 Lee Harvey Oswald was only a decoy 482 00:23:24,290 --> 00:23:27,060 to draw the attention away from the gunman 483 00:23:27,060 --> 00:23:30,130 behind the wooden picket fence on the grassy knoll, 484 00:23:30,130 --> 00:23:33,330 which is where the shots actually come from. 485 00:23:33,330 --> 00:23:35,700 It's the biggest conspiracy of all time. 486 00:23:37,000 --> 00:23:42,200 Conspiracy is the undying legacy of the Kennedy assassination. 487 00:23:42,210 --> 00:23:43,740 There are many people out there 488 00:23:43,740 --> 00:23:48,340 with many different theories on who really killed JFK, 489 00:23:48,350 --> 00:23:53,920 but they mostly share the belief that Oswald did not do it alone. 490 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:55,650 It's easy to see why. 491 00:23:55,650 --> 00:23:57,720 There are some strange circumstances 492 00:23:57,720 --> 00:24:00,460 surrounding those gunshots. 493 00:24:00,460 --> 00:24:03,830 So I've asked Stephen Fagin from the Sixth Floor Museum 494 00:24:03,830 --> 00:24:06,030 to help explain it all. 495 00:24:06,030 --> 00:24:07,760 Okay. So let's recap. 496 00:24:07,770 --> 00:24:09,130 Okay. 497 00:24:09,130 --> 00:24:11,030 The Warren Commission concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald 498 00:24:11,040 --> 00:24:12,500 was the lone gunman, 499 00:24:12,500 --> 00:24:15,040 that he shot at the president from that window up there, 500 00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:16,470 and he fired three shots. 501 00:24:16,470 --> 00:24:17,570 Three shots, that's right. 502 00:24:17,580 --> 00:24:18,910 One shot misses the car. 503 00:24:18,910 --> 00:24:20,210 One shot is the fatal shot 504 00:24:20,210 --> 00:24:21,680 that strikes the president in the head, 505 00:24:21,680 --> 00:24:23,880 and that leaves one shot to account for seven wounds 506 00:24:23,880 --> 00:24:24,910 between the two men. 507 00:24:24,920 --> 00:24:26,520 The so-called magic bullet. 508 00:24:26,520 --> 00:24:28,220 Right. 509 00:24:32,290 --> 00:24:33,660 President Kennedy was sitting 510 00:24:33,660 --> 00:24:36,790 behind Governor Connally in the limousine. 511 00:24:36,790 --> 00:24:38,560 According to the Warren Report, 512 00:24:38,560 --> 00:24:41,030 a single bullet passed through both men 513 00:24:41,030 --> 00:24:44,070 and caused multiple wounds, 514 00:24:44,070 --> 00:24:47,740 but many people claim that the path of this supposed bullet 515 00:24:47,740 --> 00:24:50,110 is physically impossible. 516 00:24:50,110 --> 00:24:53,610 If that shot was impossible for one man to make, 517 00:24:53,610 --> 00:24:56,380 then there must have been a second shooter. 518 00:24:56,380 --> 00:24:59,110 Wow. Look at that. It's the Kennedy limousine. 519 00:24:59,120 --> 00:25:00,280 It is a beautiful car. 520 00:25:00,280 --> 00:25:01,580 Of course, this is a replica. 521 00:25:01,590 --> 00:25:02,820 Okay. 522 00:25:02,820 --> 00:25:04,750 This is the one that was used in Oliver Stone's "JFK." 523 00:25:04,760 --> 00:25:06,360 -No kidding? -Yeah. 524 00:25:06,360 --> 00:25:10,330 The actual Kennedy limo was altered after the assassination. 525 00:25:10,330 --> 00:25:13,160 This car was built to the exact specifications 526 00:25:13,160 --> 00:25:15,330 of the real thing. 527 00:25:15,330 --> 00:25:18,000 Don, the key to understanding the single-bullet theory 528 00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:19,500 is really this limousine. 529 00:25:19,500 --> 00:25:21,740 -Why is that? -Let me show you this. 530 00:25:21,740 --> 00:25:25,040 So this is how the single-bullet theory 531 00:25:25,040 --> 00:25:27,380 is so-often presented in the literature. 532 00:25:27,380 --> 00:25:28,710 Okay. That's a diagram I have seen 533 00:25:28,710 --> 00:25:30,580 a thousand times... -Right. 534 00:25:30,580 --> 00:25:32,150 ...showing that this bullet 535 00:25:32,150 --> 00:25:34,950 somehow erratically goes this way, this way, this way. 536 00:25:34,950 --> 00:25:36,390 It zigzags all over the place, 537 00:25:36,390 --> 00:25:39,520 through two different bodies magically. 538 00:25:39,520 --> 00:25:43,430 Based on the locations of the seven wounds in the two men, 539 00:25:43,430 --> 00:25:46,060 conspiracy theorists say a single bullet 540 00:25:46,060 --> 00:25:50,570 would need to make several turns in midair. 541 00:25:50,570 --> 00:25:51,970 Now, look at this. 542 00:25:51,970 --> 00:25:54,840 Kennedy and Connally are at the exact same level, 543 00:25:54,840 --> 00:25:57,070 and they're both facing forward. -Right? 544 00:25:57,070 --> 00:25:59,410 The reality was quite different. Okay. 545 00:25:59,410 --> 00:26:01,040 Let's take a look inside the car. 546 00:26:03,750 --> 00:26:05,380 What do you see? -Well, I can see right away. 547 00:26:05,380 --> 00:26:07,780 So the jump seats, that's where Connally is sitting, right? 548 00:26:07,790 --> 00:26:09,220 -Right. -He's much lower. 549 00:26:09,220 --> 00:26:11,020 Yeah. Connally was 3 inches 550 00:26:11,020 --> 00:26:13,590 lower and 6 inches further in than President Kennedy, 551 00:26:13,590 --> 00:26:16,560 and that totally changes the trajectory. 552 00:26:16,560 --> 00:26:19,390 We've asked two models to sit in the car in Kennedy 553 00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:21,500 and Connally's seats. 554 00:26:21,500 --> 00:26:24,600 Stephen will pose them as the men were actually positioned 555 00:26:24,600 --> 00:26:27,700 based on photos and film of that moment. 556 00:26:27,710 --> 00:26:28,770 Here you are. 557 00:26:28,770 --> 00:26:32,110 Kennedy and Connally. All right. 558 00:26:32,110 --> 00:26:33,180 So here we have 559 00:26:33,180 --> 00:26:34,710 President Kennedy and Governor Connally. 560 00:26:34,710 --> 00:26:36,080 -Good. -So President Kennedy is 561 00:26:36,080 --> 00:26:38,280 all the way over here with his arm up on the car. 562 00:26:38,280 --> 00:26:40,920 Governor Connally is turned slightly in his seat this way, 563 00:26:40,920 --> 00:26:42,580 as if he's looking towards the president. 564 00:26:42,590 --> 00:26:44,420 He's reacting to the shot, right? 565 00:26:44,420 --> 00:26:46,320 Yeah, he seems to be turning around 566 00:26:46,320 --> 00:26:49,060 as if he's heard a noise, and you've got your Stetson hat 567 00:26:49,060 --> 00:26:50,430 right in front of you just like that. 568 00:26:50,430 --> 00:26:52,760 So this is basically the way they were configured. 569 00:26:52,760 --> 00:26:54,060 If you'll hold this for a moment, 570 00:26:54,060 --> 00:26:55,130 we'll talk about the wounds. 571 00:26:55,130 --> 00:26:57,930 So we have an entry wound here 572 00:26:57,940 --> 00:26:59,970 in President Kennedy's upper back, 573 00:26:59,970 --> 00:27:03,010 exiting underneath his Adam's apple here, 574 00:27:03,010 --> 00:27:04,340 and then in Governor Connally, 575 00:27:04,340 --> 00:27:07,010 we have a wound here, about his right shoulder, 576 00:27:07,010 --> 00:27:09,280 and then once you get there, it traverses his chest 577 00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:11,650 and hits his fifth rib, and so from there, 578 00:27:11,650 --> 00:27:13,880 the trajectory can change a little bit. 579 00:27:13,880 --> 00:27:17,190 Exiting below his nipple here, striking his wrist, 580 00:27:17,190 --> 00:27:18,620 exiting palm-side 581 00:27:18,620 --> 00:27:21,060 and then a very shallow wound in his left thigh there. 582 00:27:21,060 --> 00:27:23,590 Seven wounds between these two men. 583 00:27:23,590 --> 00:27:26,260 Okay. So let's look at the trajectory here. 584 00:27:26,260 --> 00:27:27,900 So rough approximation, 585 00:27:27,900 --> 00:27:30,070 Jack Kennedy was a little taller than our model here. 586 00:27:30,070 --> 00:27:32,900 So basically this is the entry wound roughly right here. 587 00:27:32,900 --> 00:27:34,240 Yeah. 588 00:27:34,240 --> 00:27:36,670 And then we can approximate the path of the bullet, 589 00:27:36,670 --> 00:27:38,710 extending outward towards 590 00:27:38,710 --> 00:27:43,280 Connally and entering him right around approximately there. 591 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:45,380 Hits a rib and then continue on, 592 00:27:45,380 --> 00:27:47,450 hitting the wrist and then into the thigh. 593 00:27:47,450 --> 00:27:52,220 There's no zigging or zagging necessary, so no magic bullet. 594 00:27:54,190 --> 00:27:56,730 By placing the two men in their correct positions 595 00:27:56,730 --> 00:28:00,660 in the limousine, the bullet wounds line up. 596 00:28:00,660 --> 00:28:04,900 Kennedy and Connally could have been hit by the same shot. 597 00:28:04,900 --> 00:28:07,840 But if all three shots were fired by Oswald 598 00:28:07,840 --> 00:28:11,070 from behind the limo, why did some witnesses believe 599 00:28:11,080 --> 00:28:14,480 the fatal head shot came from in front? 600 00:28:14,480 --> 00:28:18,110 And why does the most infamous film of the assassination 601 00:28:18,120 --> 00:28:22,520 show the president lurching backward and to the left? 602 00:28:22,520 --> 00:28:27,490 So did Oswald act alone, or was there a second shooter? 603 00:28:35,070 --> 00:28:37,670 President Kennedy was murdered in public. 604 00:28:39,840 --> 00:28:41,940 He was gunned down in broad daylight 605 00:28:41,940 --> 00:28:47,680 in a wide-open space in front of 121 eyewitnesses, 606 00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:50,580 and they don't all agree on what happened. 607 00:28:50,580 --> 00:28:54,050 Some believe Lee Harvey Oswald could have acted alone. 608 00:28:54,050 --> 00:28:58,450 Others believe there must have been a second shooter. 609 00:28:58,460 --> 00:28:59,990 Bill Newman and his family 610 00:28:59,990 --> 00:29:02,660 were just 10 feet away from the president 611 00:29:02,660 --> 00:29:05,690 at the moment of the fatal head shot. 612 00:29:05,700 --> 00:29:08,000 Today I'm getting a chance to speak with him 613 00:29:08,000 --> 00:29:10,030 at the very same spot. 614 00:29:10,030 --> 00:29:12,030 Tell me what you saw. 615 00:29:12,040 --> 00:29:14,900 Well, I recall seeing the president's car 616 00:29:14,910 --> 00:29:18,570 turn left off of Houston Street on to Elm, 617 00:29:18,580 --> 00:29:20,940 coming down the middle lane, 618 00:29:20,940 --> 00:29:23,880 and as it got within about 100 feet or so, 619 00:29:23,880 --> 00:29:25,480 the first two shots rang out. 620 00:29:31,390 --> 00:29:33,790 I thought somebody had thrown a couple of firecrackers 621 00:29:33,790 --> 00:29:35,620 beside the president's car. -Right. 622 00:29:35,630 --> 00:29:37,430 But as the car got closer to us, 623 00:29:37,430 --> 00:29:39,090 you could tell something was wrong. 624 00:29:39,100 --> 00:29:41,000 And then the car is right in front of you? 625 00:29:41,000 --> 00:29:42,030 It is. 626 00:29:42,030 --> 00:29:43,600 It's straight out in front of us, 627 00:29:43,600 --> 00:29:45,970 and just as President Kennedy gets in front of us, 628 00:29:45,970 --> 00:29:47,570 a third shot rings out. 629 00:29:49,770 --> 00:29:51,740 The side of his head blew off. 630 00:29:51,740 --> 00:29:52,910 You could see the red. 631 00:29:52,910 --> 00:29:54,240 -Yeah. -I turned to Gayle. 632 00:29:54,240 --> 00:29:55,780 I said, "That's it. Hit the ground." 633 00:29:55,780 --> 00:29:58,380 Right, and that's the famous photograph of you guys, 634 00:29:58,380 --> 00:30:00,280 a family on the ground there. -Yes, yes. 635 00:30:00,280 --> 00:30:01,850 And I talked to another guy 636 00:30:01,850 --> 00:30:05,290 who was over there who ran across to you. 637 00:30:05,290 --> 00:30:07,490 -Pierce Allman. -Pierce Allman. 638 00:30:07,490 --> 00:30:10,190 Journalist Pierce Allman thought all three shots 639 00:30:10,190 --> 00:30:12,830 came from behind the limousine. 640 00:30:12,830 --> 00:30:18,030 Straight in front of me and up. 641 00:30:18,040 --> 00:30:20,740 But Bill, who was just 10 feet away, 642 00:30:20,740 --> 00:30:22,670 remembers it differently. 643 00:30:22,670 --> 00:30:26,070 My focus was on the car the whole time. 644 00:30:26,080 --> 00:30:28,840 What I saw was President Kennedy 645 00:30:28,850 --> 00:30:30,850 fall over into Mrs. Kennedy's lap. 646 00:30:30,850 --> 00:30:32,810 -Right. -Based on what I saw, 647 00:30:32,820 --> 00:30:34,980 I thought the shot came from behind. 648 00:30:38,590 --> 00:30:42,360 Bill saw President Kennedy lurch away from him. 649 00:30:42,360 --> 00:30:44,860 This violent back-and-to-the-left motion 650 00:30:44,860 --> 00:30:48,730 is clearly visible in photos and film of the moment. 651 00:30:48,730 --> 00:30:51,300 To many people, it's indisputable evidence 652 00:30:51,300 --> 00:30:54,340 of a second gunman in front of the limousine, 653 00:30:54,340 --> 00:30:57,940 shooting from here -- the infamous grassy knoll. 654 00:30:59,980 --> 00:31:03,010 But nothing in this case is indisputable. 655 00:31:03,010 --> 00:31:07,120 As it happens, a brand-new analysis of that fatal head shot 656 00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:10,150 was recently published in a scientific journal. 657 00:31:10,150 --> 00:31:13,090 So I'm meeting up with the author to take a closer look -- 658 00:31:13,090 --> 00:31:15,290 Dr. Nick Nalli. 659 00:31:15,290 --> 00:31:16,630 Nick, you work for NOAA, 660 00:31:16,630 --> 00:31:19,130 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 661 00:31:19,130 --> 00:31:20,700 -Yes. -So you're a scientist? 662 00:31:20,700 --> 00:31:21,760 Yes, that's right. 663 00:31:21,770 --> 00:31:23,200 And yet you've also written a paper 664 00:31:23,200 --> 00:31:25,000 on the Kennedy assassination. -Yes. 665 00:31:25,000 --> 00:31:26,370 I don't understand the connection. 666 00:31:26,370 --> 00:31:28,240 Well, at my job, what we do 667 00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:32,170 is we observe satellite imagery from space 668 00:31:32,180 --> 00:31:35,580 to measure something such as wind speeds and ocean currents. 669 00:31:35,580 --> 00:31:37,010 Okay. Very difficult to do that. 670 00:31:37,010 --> 00:31:38,880 Yes. 671 00:31:38,880 --> 00:31:41,980 In order to measure the wind, which is invisible, 672 00:31:41,990 --> 00:31:45,720 Nick looks for visible indicators, like clouds. 673 00:31:45,720 --> 00:31:48,690 If he can measure how fast the clouds are moving, 674 00:31:48,690 --> 00:31:50,930 he can calculate the speed of the wind. 675 00:31:50,930 --> 00:31:55,500 So how does that science find its way into this investigation? 676 00:31:55,500 --> 00:31:59,130 The invisible property that I'm looking to observe 677 00:31:59,140 --> 00:32:03,170 is not the wind or a current, it's actually a bullet. 678 00:32:03,170 --> 00:32:05,170 So you're trying to track a bullet, 679 00:32:05,180 --> 00:32:08,310 an object that is traveling faster than you can see. 680 00:32:08,310 --> 00:32:09,680 Yes, only in this case, 681 00:32:09,680 --> 00:32:12,350 rather than using environmental satellite imagery, 682 00:32:12,350 --> 00:32:15,480 I'm using the Zapruder film. 683 00:32:15,490 --> 00:32:20,060 The Zapruder film, the world's most tragic home movie. 684 00:32:20,060 --> 00:32:22,960 On November 22, 1963, 685 00:32:22,960 --> 00:32:27,360 a Dallas dressmaker and Kennedy supporter named Abraham Zapruder 686 00:32:27,360 --> 00:32:30,570 came to Dealey Plaza to film the president. 687 00:32:30,570 --> 00:32:33,870 His 26-second movie is the most complete record 688 00:32:33,870 --> 00:32:35,900 of the assassination. 689 00:32:35,910 --> 00:32:38,170 Nick has brought along the same type of camera 690 00:32:38,180 --> 00:32:39,740 that Zapruder used -- 691 00:32:39,740 --> 00:32:43,810 an 8mm Bell & Howell Director Series. 692 00:32:43,810 --> 00:32:45,750 This is where Zapruder was standing, right here. 693 00:32:45,750 --> 00:32:48,120 This is that exact place where he was standing. 694 00:32:51,360 --> 00:32:53,490 So he's watching the motorcade come down. 695 00:32:53,490 --> 00:32:54,990 -Yes. -He starts to shoot. 696 00:32:54,990 --> 00:32:58,460 Yes, and so that sound that you hear, that humming sound, 697 00:32:58,460 --> 00:33:00,500 is actually the shutter fluttering 698 00:33:00,500 --> 00:33:04,330 at about 18.3 frames per second. 699 00:33:04,330 --> 00:33:07,800 WILD 1fr per second is fast, 700 00:33:07,800 --> 00:33:11,040 but not nearly fast enough to see a speeding bullet, 701 00:33:11,040 --> 00:33:15,210 so Nick has analyzed the visible indicators in the Zapruder film 702 00:33:15,210 --> 00:33:18,480 to determine the path of that invisible bullet. 703 00:33:20,450 --> 00:33:21,820 Okay. 704 00:33:21,820 --> 00:33:25,750 I have here two still frames from the Zapruder film 705 00:33:25,760 --> 00:33:29,320 that capture the fatal shot to President Kennedy's head. 706 00:33:29,330 --> 00:33:30,690 All right. Let me understand this. 707 00:33:30,690 --> 00:33:33,190 So here is Kennedy before the shot has hit him. 708 00:33:33,200 --> 00:33:35,560 -Yes. -And then 1/18 second later, 709 00:33:35,570 --> 00:33:38,900 we're seeing the effect of the bullet that goes into his head, 710 00:33:38,900 --> 00:33:41,770 but we're not seeing the bullet arrive, of course. 711 00:33:41,770 --> 00:33:42,900 No, that's right. 712 00:33:42,910 --> 00:33:44,710 So this is basically a before 713 00:33:44,710 --> 00:33:47,270 and after of the arrival of the bullet. 714 00:33:47,280 --> 00:33:49,940 So all these dotted lines are reference 715 00:33:49,950 --> 00:33:51,910 points to see what's moving and what's not, 716 00:33:51,920 --> 00:33:55,380 and the only thing that's moving is President Kennedy's head. 717 00:33:55,390 --> 00:33:58,050 That's right, and which direction is he moving? 718 00:33:58,060 --> 00:33:59,850 Oh, wow. 719 00:34:06,500 --> 00:34:10,070 For years, the raging debate over the JFK assassination 720 00:34:10,070 --> 00:34:13,740 has boiled down to one monumental question -- 721 00:34:13,740 --> 00:34:17,170 Was the fatal head shot fired from behind the president 722 00:34:17,170 --> 00:34:22,680 by Lee Harvey Oswald or from in front by a second shooter? 723 00:34:22,680 --> 00:34:25,980 With the help of a new study by Dr. Nick Nalli, 724 00:34:25,980 --> 00:34:31,620 I'm analyzing the Zapruder film to find out once and for all. 725 00:34:31,620 --> 00:34:33,460 So this is basically a before 726 00:34:33,460 --> 00:34:35,460 and after of the arrival of the bullet, 727 00:34:35,460 --> 00:34:39,460 and the only thing that's moving is President Kennedy's head. 728 00:34:39,460 --> 00:34:41,900 That's right, and which direction is he moving? 729 00:34:41,900 --> 00:34:45,030 He's moving forward. 730 00:34:45,040 --> 00:34:48,270 Kennedy's head moves about 2 inches forward 731 00:34:48,270 --> 00:34:51,510 immediately after the moment of impact. 732 00:34:51,510 --> 00:34:54,240 This second image demonstrates that that bullet 733 00:34:54,240 --> 00:34:56,310 is striking him from the rear... 734 00:34:56,310 --> 00:34:57,480 That's what it's showing. 735 00:34:57,480 --> 00:34:59,080 ...and pushing his head forward. 736 00:34:59,080 --> 00:35:01,580 That's the only way it could be. 737 00:35:01,590 --> 00:35:03,350 How do you explain the lurch 738 00:35:03,350 --> 00:35:04,750 backwards? -Okay. 739 00:35:04,750 --> 00:35:07,520 Well, let's take a look at this chart here. 740 00:35:07,520 --> 00:35:09,660 Nick tracked the president's head movements 741 00:35:09,660 --> 00:35:11,790 in each frame of the Zapruder film 742 00:35:11,800 --> 00:35:13,900 and plotted them on a chart. 743 00:35:13,900 --> 00:35:15,360 There is the shot. 744 00:35:15,370 --> 00:35:18,270 Yes, exactly. It's a very sudden snap forward, 745 00:35:18,270 --> 00:35:21,500 and it's the most obvious feature on the entire chart. 746 00:35:21,510 --> 00:35:23,640 But the lurch back and to the left 747 00:35:23,640 --> 00:35:26,740 doesn't begin until three frames later, 748 00:35:26,740 --> 00:35:30,450 nearly a 1/4 second after the bullet struck him. 749 00:35:30,450 --> 00:35:32,480 So what caused it? 750 00:35:32,480 --> 00:35:34,450 So the bullet deposits momentum, 751 00:35:34,450 --> 00:35:36,750 so that causes him to move forward. 752 00:35:36,750 --> 00:35:38,850 -Right. -But it also deposits energy, 753 00:35:38,860 --> 00:35:40,890 and energy just kind of spreads out. 754 00:35:40,890 --> 00:35:43,490 So this is contributing to his movement backwards. 755 00:35:43,490 --> 00:35:44,730 Yes. Think of it... 756 00:35:44,730 --> 00:35:46,490 it's very... It's almost intuitive. 757 00:35:46,500 --> 00:35:47,860 You know, if this is happening... 758 00:35:47,860 --> 00:35:49,230 Right, okay. -...you have to do that. 759 00:35:49,230 --> 00:35:51,700 I remember this much from high school physics -- 760 00:35:51,700 --> 00:35:52,970 for every action... 761 00:35:52,970 --> 00:35:55,200 There is an equal and opposite reaction. 762 00:35:55,210 --> 00:35:56,840 -There you go. -That is Newton's third law. 763 00:35:56,840 --> 00:35:58,070 You have good memory. 764 00:35:58,070 --> 00:36:00,070 Nick says the bullet's exit wound 765 00:36:00,080 --> 00:36:03,680 created a sort of recoil effect on the head, 766 00:36:03,680 --> 00:36:07,320 and he says that's not the only thing going on here. 767 00:36:07,320 --> 00:36:10,420 Because his brain has been destroyed 768 00:36:10,420 --> 00:36:12,150 pretty much in the right side, 769 00:36:12,160 --> 00:36:13,560 there's a nervous system response 770 00:36:13,560 --> 00:36:15,190 called a neuromuscular reaction. 771 00:36:15,190 --> 00:36:16,520 A muscle spasm. 772 00:36:16,530 --> 00:36:19,530 Yes, a muscle spasm that causes all the large muscle groups 773 00:36:19,530 --> 00:36:22,560 of his body to stiffen up, become like a plank. 774 00:36:22,570 --> 00:36:25,300 So it's because Kennedy is seated, he can't... 775 00:36:25,300 --> 00:36:27,070 His body can't make that plank. 776 00:36:27,070 --> 00:36:28,400 Not really, no. 777 00:36:28,410 --> 00:36:29,970 So the energy goes in a different direction. 778 00:36:29,970 --> 00:36:32,940 So he kind of instead looks like he's going backward. 779 00:36:32,940 --> 00:36:34,140 Interesting. 780 00:36:34,140 --> 00:36:35,880 The movement, the dramatic snap back 781 00:36:35,880 --> 00:36:40,250 isn't because of some shot from the front from the grassy knoll. 782 00:36:40,250 --> 00:36:43,890 It actually indicates a bullet from behind, 783 00:36:43,890 --> 00:36:46,190 from the Texas School Book Depository. 784 00:36:46,190 --> 00:36:47,890 Exactly. 785 00:36:51,030 --> 00:36:54,460 But if Nick is correct, what does it all mean? 786 00:36:54,460 --> 00:36:56,400 Is it possible that the Warren Commission 787 00:36:56,400 --> 00:36:59,100 had it right all along? 788 00:36:59,100 --> 00:37:02,740 Are the conspiracy theories just theories? 789 00:37:02,740 --> 00:37:05,270 Could it be that the President of the United States 790 00:37:05,280 --> 00:37:09,610 was brought down by one lowly warehouse clerk all by himself? 791 00:37:18,320 --> 00:37:20,560 President John F. Kennedy was shot dead 792 00:37:20,560 --> 00:37:21,960 by Lee Harvey Oswald 793 00:37:21,960 --> 00:37:24,290 from the Texas School Book Depository, 794 00:37:24,290 --> 00:37:27,500 so concluded the Warren Report, 795 00:37:27,500 --> 00:37:31,000 but how likely is it that Oswald could hit a target moving away 796 00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:34,540 from him two out of three times? 797 00:37:34,540 --> 00:37:37,410 To find out, I'm heading back to the Sixth Floor Museum 798 00:37:37,410 --> 00:37:40,310 in the old depository building. 799 00:37:40,310 --> 00:37:43,680 The sniper's nest was found here on the sixth floor, 800 00:37:43,680 --> 00:37:45,150 but today, it's part of the museum 801 00:37:45,150 --> 00:37:47,250 carefully preserved behind glass, 802 00:37:47,250 --> 00:37:49,850 so I'm heading one floor up to the seventh 803 00:37:49,850 --> 00:37:51,520 to get the closest possible 804 00:37:51,520 --> 00:37:56,160 look at the view from the sniper's window. 805 00:37:56,160 --> 00:37:58,860 I've brought with me an old four-power rifle scope 806 00:37:58,860 --> 00:38:00,630 from the 1960s. 807 00:38:00,630 --> 00:38:02,930 It provides the same view as the scope 808 00:38:02,930 --> 00:38:06,030 on the Mannlicher-Carcano rifle found here at the scene. 809 00:38:11,310 --> 00:38:12,470 Holy moly. 810 00:38:12,480 --> 00:38:13,840 Look at this view here. All right. 811 00:38:13,840 --> 00:38:16,540 So I'm directly above the sniper's nest. 812 00:38:16,550 --> 00:38:18,780 Just one floor up, okay? 813 00:38:18,780 --> 00:38:21,650 This is the same perspective. 814 00:38:21,650 --> 00:38:23,080 It's amazing. 815 00:38:23,090 --> 00:38:25,850 I'm immediately struck by the curve in Elm Street. 816 00:38:25,860 --> 00:38:27,720 The bend in the roadway lines 817 00:38:27,720 --> 00:38:29,720 up perfectly with this vantage point, 818 00:38:29,730 --> 00:38:33,960 so it means a car traveling towards that triple underpass 819 00:38:33,960 --> 00:38:37,500 is basically moving in a straight line away from me. 820 00:38:37,500 --> 00:38:41,470 That means a shooter tracking a moving target 821 00:38:41,470 --> 00:38:44,470 would hardly have to adjust his rifle at all. 822 00:38:50,450 --> 00:38:54,680 On November 22, 1963, the last book depository 823 00:38:54,680 --> 00:38:59,290 employee left the floor at about 12:20 p.m. 824 00:38:59,290 --> 00:39:02,720 Oswald would have had the sixth floor all to himself 825 00:39:02,730 --> 00:39:05,890 for a full 10 minutes before the assassination. 826 00:39:13,570 --> 00:39:17,170 At exactly 12:30 p.m., the president's motorcade 827 00:39:17,170 --> 00:39:20,980 emerged from Main Street and turned onto Houston. 828 00:39:20,980 --> 00:39:22,810 Pierce Allman watched the limousine 829 00:39:22,810 --> 00:39:25,450 slowly make the turn onto Elm Street. 830 00:39:30,320 --> 00:39:32,750 The president's car is now turning on to Elm Street, 831 00:39:32,760 --> 00:39:34,260 and it will be only a matter of minutes 832 00:39:34,260 --> 00:39:36,290 before he arrives at the Trade Mart. 833 00:39:38,430 --> 00:39:39,490 The first shot. 834 00:39:43,900 --> 00:39:46,870 On the grassy knoll, Abraham Zapruder squeezed 835 00:39:46,870 --> 00:39:49,470 the shutter button on his 8mm camera. 836 00:39:51,570 --> 00:39:52,670 The second shot. 837 00:39:56,480 --> 00:39:59,610 At the curb, Bill Newman stood with his family 838 00:39:59,620 --> 00:40:01,480 as the limousine drew nearer. 839 00:40:04,150 --> 00:40:05,420 The third shot. 840 00:40:12,660 --> 00:40:15,630 For a trained Marine like Lee Harvey Oswald, 841 00:40:15,630 --> 00:40:18,900 it would not have been too difficult. 842 00:40:18,900 --> 00:40:22,070 To me, the evidence is overwhelming. 843 00:40:22,070 --> 00:40:26,840 Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated President Kennedy. 844 00:40:26,840 --> 00:40:28,780 But why did he do it? 845 00:40:28,780 --> 00:40:31,310 That may be the hardest question of all, 846 00:40:31,310 --> 00:40:33,410 and it's one even the Warren Report 847 00:40:33,420 --> 00:40:35,850 couldn't answer definitively. 848 00:40:35,850 --> 00:40:40,320 We may never know for sure, but there are clues. 849 00:40:40,320 --> 00:40:42,260 Early on the morning of the assassination, 850 00:40:42,260 --> 00:40:44,690 Lee Harvey Oswald slipped out of the house 851 00:40:44,690 --> 00:40:48,800 while his wife was still asleep and left $170 in cash 852 00:40:48,800 --> 00:40:51,830 on her nightstand and his wedding ring. 853 00:40:51,840 --> 00:40:55,800 Well, here is that ring. 854 00:40:55,810 --> 00:41:01,040 A tiny Soviet hammer and sickle is stamped on the inner surface. 855 00:41:01,040 --> 00:41:03,480 At the height of the Cold War, 856 00:41:03,480 --> 00:41:06,450 Oswald did the boldest thing he could think of. 857 00:41:06,450 --> 00:41:10,180 He walked into the arms of the enemy and tried to defect, 858 00:41:10,190 --> 00:41:13,890 but the Soviets did not greet him as a hero. 859 00:41:13,890 --> 00:41:18,130 By late 1963, Lee Harvey Oswald was back in Texas, 860 00:41:18,130 --> 00:41:21,060 making minimum wage as a warehouse clerk 861 00:41:21,060 --> 00:41:23,560 and living apart from his wife and children. 862 00:41:26,840 --> 00:41:30,470 What if one of the most heinous crimes of the 20th century 863 00:41:30,470 --> 00:41:33,470 was not the work of a grand conspiracy? 864 00:41:33,480 --> 00:41:34,880 What if the reason behind 865 00:41:34,880 --> 00:41:36,980 President John F. Kennedy's murder 866 00:41:36,980 --> 00:41:39,650 had little to do with Kennedy himself? 867 00:41:39,650 --> 00:41:42,680 What if was simply the desperate act 868 00:41:42,690 --> 00:41:45,550 of a profoundly unhappy person 869 00:41:45,560 --> 00:41:47,620 who thought he could find greatness 870 00:41:47,620 --> 00:41:49,590 by cutting down a great man? 870 00:41:50,305 --> 00:42:50,673 Watch Online Movies and Series for FREE www.osdb.link/lm